Many people experience nosebleeds. While most stop on their own with simple measures like pinching the nostrils, some individuals have recurrent bleeding that requires medical intervention. When nosebleeds become a persistent problem, nose cauterization may be recommended.
Understanding Nose Cauterization
Nose cauterization is a medical procedure designed to stop recurrent nosebleeds by sealing off problematic blood vessels inside the nose. The nose contains a rich network of blood vessels located very close to the surface of the mucous membranes. These vessels can become fragile and easily rupture due to factors like dry air, nose picking, frequent blowing, or minor trauma.
When damaged, these superficial vessels can bleed repeatedly. Cauterization applies a controlled “burn” to the affected blood vessel, sealing it and preventing further blood flow. This encourages scar tissue formation, which strengthens the area and reduces future bleeding.
The Cauterization Process
The nose cauterization procedure begins with applying a numbing agent inside the nostril. This topical anesthetic minimizes discomfort. In some cases, a local anesthetic like Lidocaine may also be injected to ensure the area is sufficiently numb.
Once numb, the doctor identifies the bleeding vessel, often using a microscopic endoscope. Two common methods are employed: chemical cautery, using silver nitrate applied with a swab, or electrical cautery, using an electric current to heat and seal the vessel. The procedure is usually brief, taking less than 10 minutes.
Recovering from Nose Cauterization
After nose cauterization, patients can expect mild discomfort, itching, or soreness in the treated nostril for a few days, lasting 3 to 5 days. Scabbing and temporary dryness inside the nose are common as part of the healing process. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort.
To promote proper healing and prevent re-bleeding, several aftercare measures are advised. Patients should avoid touching, picking, or scratching the inside of the nose, and refrain from blowing their nose forcefully for about two weeks. Gently wiping the nose is acceptable.
Applying an antibacterial ointment or saline nasal spray several times a day is recommended to keep the area moist and aid healing. Strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and bending over should also be avoided for the first few hours or days following the procedure.
When to Contact Your Doctor
It is important to monitor your recovery and know when to seek medical attention after nose cauterization. Contact your doctor if you experience persistent or heavy bleeding that does not stop after pinching your nose for two consecutive 15-minute periods. Signs of infection, such as fever, increased pain, or pus, also warrant immediate medical consultation. Any severe pain that does not improve with pain medication should also prompt a call to your doctor. If nosebleeds continue frequently after the procedure, or if your healing does not progress as expected, follow-up with your healthcare provider is recommended.