Breva figs offer an early-season harvest from certain fig trees. This initial crop develops on wood from the previous year, providing fruit weeks or even months before the main fig harvest. Understanding this crop can enhance a gardener’s approach to cultivating fig trees.
Understanding Breva Figs
Breva figs emerge from overwintered nodes on wood from the previous season. This distinguishes them from the main fig crop, which typically forms on new growth in the current year. Their development depends on the tree’s ability to retain and mature these embryonic figs, ensuring they endure colder months without freezing.
These early fruits often differ from the main crop, including a generally larger size and a slightly less intense sweetness. Their texture can also be softer, and their shape might be more elongated or pear-like.
Fig Varieties for Breva Production
Not all fig varieties produce a breva crop; this trait is specific to certain cultivars that reliably set fruit on old wood. Some varieties are noted for their consistent breva yield. ‘Desert King’ is a well-regarded choice, known for its large, flavorful brevas that ripen early in the season.
‘Lattarula’, also known as ‘Italian Honey’, often produces a sweet, greenish-yellow breva. ‘Black Jack’ is another option, yielding dark-skinned brevas.
Cultivating Breva Figs
Successful breva production begins with proper site selection, favoring a location that receives full sun exposure for at least six to eight hours daily. Well-draining soil is important, ideally with a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Regular watering, particularly during dry periods, supports fruit development and overall tree health.
Balanced fertilization avoids excessive nitrogen, which promotes leafy growth over fruit production. Protecting the previous year’s wood from winter damage is important for breva formation. In colder climates, this can involve wrapping the tree, bringing potted trees indoors, or planting them in sheltered microclimates. Pruning should preserve the older wood where these early fruits will form, generally after the main crop or during late winter dormancy.
Harvesting and Using Breva Figs
Breva figs typically ripen in late spring to early summer, preceding the main fig crop by several weeks. A ripe breva fig will feel soft to the touch and may droop slightly on the stem. The color of the skin will also deepen or change, depending on the variety, and a small drop of nectar might appear at the eye of the fruit.
Careful handling is necessary when harvesting brevas due to their delicate nature. Gently twist the fruit from the stem, ensuring the entire stem is removed to prevent premature spoilage. Breva figs are often enjoyed fresh, as their unique flavor and texture are valued. They can also be used in jams, preserves, desserts, or paired with cheeses.