A dental filling is a common restorative treatment used to repair a tooth that has been damaged by decay or minor trauma. This procedure repairs damaged areas, restoring its original shape, function, and integrity. Fillings prevent further decay, alleviate toothache, and improve overall oral health.
Initial Steps at the Dentist
A dental filling procedure begins with a thorough examination. The dentist visually inspects the teeth, using a dental probe or liquid to identify problematic areas. X-rays are also taken to determine the extent and precise location of any decay. This diagnostic stage confirms the need for a filling and allows discussion of suitable material options, such as tooth-colored composite resin.
Once the need for a filling is established, the dentist prepares for the procedure. A local anesthetic is administered to numb the specific area around the affected tooth. This usually involves a topical gel followed by an injection. The area quickly becomes numb, ensuring no pain is felt during decay removal.
The Filling Procedure Unveiled
With the area numbed, the dentist removes the decayed tooth structure using a high-speed dental drill. After visible decay is cleared, a special pink dye may be used to highlight any remaining areas, ensuring only healthy tooth structure remains. The cavity is then cleaned and sterilized to eliminate bacteria and debris, preparing the tooth for the filling material.
For composite resin fillings, the tooth surface is prepared with an acidic gel, known as etchant. This etching creates microscopic pores for a stronger mechanical bond with the filling material. After rinsing the etchant, a bonding agent is applied to the etched surface. A special light is then used to cure this bonding agent, forming a strong adhesive layer.
The composite resin filling material is then applied in layers to the prepared tooth. Each layer is shaped and adapted to the cavity walls to prevent voids. After each layer is placed, a curing light hardens the resin. Once the final layer is applied and cured, the dentist shapes and polishes the filling to ensure it restores the tooth’s natural contour and fits correctly with the patient’s bite. The dentist checks the bite, making any necessary adjustments for comfort and proper occlusion.
Life with Your New Filling
After the dental filling procedure, the sensation of numbness from the local anesthetic will gradually wear off, typically within a few hours. During this period, avoid eating or chewing to prevent accidentally biting your numb tongue, cheek, or lip. Patients might experience some temporary sensitivity in the filled tooth, such as mild discomfort to hot, cold, or sweet foods. This sensitivity is common as the tooth adjusts and usually subsides within a few days to a couple of weeks.
In the initial hours and days following the procedure, choose soft foods and chew on the opposite side of the mouth. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage any mild discomfort. If sensitivity persists beyond two to four weeks, worsens, or is accompanied by sharp pain, swelling, or an uneven bite, contact the dentist. These symptoms could indicate an issue with the filling, such as a high spot affecting the bite or nerve irritation.
Maintaining Your Filling’s Health
Maintaining good oral hygiene is important for a dental filling’s longevity. Brushing at least twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste helps prevent plaque buildup and new decay around the filling. Daily flossing is also crucial to remove food particles and plaque from between teeth and around the filled area. Consistent oral care supports the health of both the filled tooth and the surrounding dentition.
Regular dental check-ups are important for monitoring the filling’s condition and ensuring its durability. During these visits, the dentist assesses the filling for signs of wear, cracks, or marginal leakage, addressing potential issues. Certain habits can negatively impact a filling’s lifespan; avoid chewing on hard objects like ice or hard candies, as these can chip or dislodge the filling. Grinding or clenching teeth can also exert excessive pressure on fillings, leading to premature wear.