Spinal decompression is a therapeutic approach designed to alleviate back and neck pain by reducing pressure on spinal structures. This treatment aims to create more space within the spinal column, which can improve various conditions affecting the discs and nerves. Understanding the mechanisms behind spinal decompression helps to clarify how it can offer relief for those experiencing discomfort.
Understanding Spinal Decompression
Spinal decompression includes both non-surgical and surgical methods. Non-surgical decompression uses a motorized traction table to gently stretch the spine, taking pressure off spinal discs. This computer-controlled stretching is distinct from traditional traction. Surgical decompression, such as laminectomy or discectomy, involves removing parts of a vertebral bone or disc material.
Physiological Changes During Decompression
During non-surgical spinal decompression, the gentle stretching creates negative pressure within the intervertebral discs. This negative pressure, sometimes referred to as a vacuum effect, is thought to draw bulging or herniated disc material back into its proper position. This retraction helps to alleviate pressure on nearby spinal nerves, which can be a significant source of pain.
The negative pressure also facilitates the movement of nutrient-rich fluids, oxygen, and water into the discs. Spinal discs rely on this fluid exchange for hydration and healing, as they do not have a direct blood supply. Improved nutrient flow can promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation within the affected discs, ultimately leading to a reduction in pain and improved spinal function by relieving nerve compression and enhancing disc health.
Conditions Addressed by Decompression
Spinal decompression therapy addresses various conditions causing back and neck pain by compressing spinal structures. These include herniated and bulging discs, where disc material pushes outward or protrudes. Degenerative disc disease, sciatica, spinal stenosis, and facet syndrome are also common conditions that may benefit.
Preparing for Spinal Decompression
Before undergoing spinal decompression, a thorough medical evaluation is important to determine suitability. Not everyone is a candidate for non-surgical decompression therapy. For instance, pregnant individuals, those with severe osteoporosis, spinal tumors, or certain spinal fractures are typically advised against it. Patients with metal implants in the spine or those who have had recent spinal fusion surgery may also not be suitable candidates.
A typical non-surgical session involves the patient lying on a specialized computer-controlled table, either face up or face down. Harnesses are then secured around the patient’s pelvis and trunk to facilitate the stretching. The treatment usually lasts between 30 to 45 minutes, with a course often involving multiple sessions over several weeks. Healthcare providers may also suggest other therapies, such as electrical stimulation or hot/cold therapy, alongside decompression.