Warts are a common, benign growth caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). These small, fleshy bumps can appear anywhere on the body, though they are most common on hands, fingers, and feet. While generally harmless, warts can sometimes bleed, which can be concerning.
Why Warts Bleed
Warts are supplied by tiny blood vessels, known as capillaries, that supply the wart with blood. These capillaries are often close to the surface and can appear as small black dots within the wart. This rich blood supply makes warts prone to bleeding, especially if they are irritated or traumatized.
Common triggers for a bleeding wart include friction from clothing or shoes, or direct trauma such as picking, scratching, or shaving. Plantar warts, on the soles of the feet, are particularly susceptible to bleeding due to the constant pressure and friction from walking and standing. If a wart bleeds without a clear cause or bleeds profusely after injury, it is important to consult a doctor without delay.
Managing a Bleeding Wart
If a wart begins to bleed, remain calm and treat it like any minor cut or graze. Begin by applying gentle, direct pressure to the bleeding area using a clean cloth or gauze. Maintain continuous pressure for several minutes without peeking, as releasing pressure prematurely can prolong the bleeding.
Elevating the affected area above the heart can reduce blood flow and stop bleeding. Once the bleeding has ceased, clean the wound with mild soap and water, then pat dry with a clean towel. Applying a sterile adhesive bandage can protect the area from further irritation and help prevent infection. Avoid picking or squeezing the wart, as this can worsen bleeding and spread the virus.
When to Consult a Doctor
While most bleeding warts can be managed at home, some situations warrant medical attention. Consult a healthcare professional if bleeding is persistent or heavy and doesn’t stop after several minutes of pressure. Signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, pus, discharge, or fever, also indicate a need for evaluation.
Consult a doctor if the wart causes significant pain, changes in appearance (size, color, or shape), or if unsure whether it’s a wart. Warts that reappear after treatment, or those in sensitive areas like the face, genitals, or on an infant, should be assessed by a doctor. Individuals with weakened immune systems or diabetes should consult a doctor before self-treating warts.