Dental veneers are thin, custom-made shells designed to cover the front surface of teeth, primarily to improve their aesthetic appearance. They can address concerns such as discoloration, chips, gaps, or minor misalignments, creating a more uniform and visually appealing smile. While veneers offer a transformative solution for dental aesthetics, understanding their impact on the natural teeth underneath is important for anyone considering this procedure.
Enamel Reshaping
A key step in the veneer placement process involves reshaping the natural tooth, specifically by removing a small amount of enamel. This preparation is necessary to ensure the veneer fits seamlessly and does not create an unnaturally bulky appearance when bonded to the tooth surface. Typically, about 0.5 millimeters of enamel is removed from the front and sides of the tooth, a thickness comparable to a contact lens. This precise reduction of enamel allows the thin veneer material to sit flush with the adjacent natural teeth, contributing to a more natural contour and comfortable fit. The enamel removal is an irreversible process because enamel does not regenerate.
Sensitivity and Protection
After enamel reshaping, increased tooth sensitivity is common. This occurs because removing the outer enamel layer exposes the underlying dentin, which contains microscopic tubules leading to the tooth’s nerve. This exposure can lead to temporary sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet stimuli. While permanent veneers are fabricated, which can take a few weeks, temporary veneers are placed over the prepared teeth. These temporary coverings protect the exposed tooth structure from sensitivity, damage, and contamination, also allowing individuals to preview their new smile and adjust to the altered tooth shape.
The Lifespan of Veneers and Your Natural Teeth
Veneers are not permanent and will eventually require replacement. Porcelain veneers generally last 10 to 15 years, with some lasting 20 years or more with optimal care. Composite resin veneers typically have a shorter lifespan, usually 5 to 7 years. Once prepared, the natural tooth remains permanently altered, meaning it will always need coverage by a veneer or another restoration to protect its integrity. Getting veneers represents a long-term commitment to maintaining coverage on reshaped teeth.
Maintaining Oral Health with Veneers
Proper oral hygiene is important for the longevity of both veneers and the health of underlying natural teeth. Regular brushing, at least twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush and non-abrasive fluoride toothpaste, is important. Daily flossing is important to remove plaque and food particles from between teeth and along the gumline, where decay can still occur on the natural tooth. Even with veneers, the natural tooth remains susceptible to decay or gum disease if not properly maintained. Routine professional cleanings and dental check-ups, typically every six months, are necessary to remove plaque and tartar buildup and monitor the condition of both the veneers and underlying teeth, ensuring the long-term health and appearance of the entire dentition.