Vape juice, also known as e-liquid, is a liquid used in electronic cigarettes and vaping devices. While designed for vaporization, accidentally swallowing vape juice can lead to a range of health issues. This article explains the potential consequences of ingesting vape juice, its components, immediate health effects, and crucial steps for seeking medical help and prevention.
Components of Vape Juice
Vape juice is composed of four primary ingredients: propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), flavorings, and often nicotine. PG and VG serve as base liquids, helping to carry the flavor. These are common ingredients found in various food and pharmaceutical products. Flavorings are added to create a wide array of tastes. Nicotine is a significant component in most vape juices, though nicotine-free options exist. The presence and concentration of nicotine are primary determinants of the liquid’s toxicity if swallowed.
Immediate Health Effects of Ingestion
Ingesting vape juice, particularly formulations containing nicotine, can result in a rapid onset of symptoms known as nicotine poisoning. The severity of these effects varies based on the amount ingested, the nicotine concentration, and the individual’s body weight. Children are especially vulnerable, and even a small amount can be dangerous for them.
Initial symptoms, which can appear within 15 minutes to an hour after ingestion, include:
Nausea
Vomiting
Increased salivation
Abdominal pain
Dizziness
Headache
Tremors
As poisoning progresses or with larger doses, more severe effects may emerge. These include:
Increased heart rate
Changes in blood pressure
Muscle twitching
Confusion
Seizures
Respiratory depression
Coma
Cardiac arrest
When to Seek Medical Help
Accidental ingestion of vape juice, especially by children, requires immediate attention. If you suspect someone has swallowed vape juice, contact a poison control center or emergency services without delay. The national Poison Help Line is 1-800-222-1222; for severe emergencies, call 911.
When calling, provide details, including the estimated amount ingested, its nicotine concentration (if known), and any symptoms observed. Do not attempt to induce vomiting unless instructed by a medical professional, as this can worsen the situation. Seek immediate medical attention if the person experiences severe symptoms such as seizures, loss of consciousness, or difficulty breathing.
Prevention and Safe Handling
Preventing accidental ingestion of vape juice involves careful storage and handling practices. Store all vape products, including e-liquids, in their original, child-resistant packaging.
Keep vape juice out of the reach and sight of children and pets, ideally in a locked cabinet or high shelf. Avoid transferring vape juice into unmarked containers or those that might be mistaken for food or drink, as this increases the risk of accidental ingestion. Properly dispose of empty vape juice bottles and used vaping components to prevent access to residual liquid.