Cataract surgery is a common and generally safe procedure performed to restore vision clouded by cataracts. During the surgery, a small incision is made in the eye, and the cloudy natural lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial intraocular lens (IOL). While the procedure itself is quick, a smooth recovery requires careful adherence to post-operative instructions. The eye needs time to heal properly, and certain activities can interfere with this delicate process.
Understanding the Risks of Heavy Lifting
Lifting heavy objects or engaging in strenuous activities after cataract surgery can significantly increase intraocular pressure (IOP). This elevated pressure stresses the healing eye. The small incision made during surgery needs time to seal completely, and increased IOP can interfere with this process.
A rise in intraocular pressure can lead to several complications. One risk is wound dehiscence, where the surgical incision reopens, creating an entry point for infection. Elevated pressure can also contribute to bleeding inside the eye, known as hemorrhage.
Another potential complication is iris prolapse, which occurs when part of the iris, the colored portion of the eye, moves through the corneal incision. This condition is linked to increased IOP when the wound closure is not stable. Increased eye pressure and strenuous activity can also elevate the risk of retinal detachment, a condition where the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye pulls away from its supporting layers.
Activities to Avoid During Recovery
To prevent complications and ensure proper healing, it is important to avoid certain activities that can raise intraocular pressure. Heavy lifting, generally defined as anything over 5 to 10 pounds, should be avoided for several weeks following surgery. Some surgeons may advise against lifting anything over 15 or even 30 pounds.
Other actions that involve straining or place the head below the waist can also increase eye pressure. These include bending over, forceful coughing or sneezing, and straining during bowel movements. Strenuous exercises such as running, jogging, high-impact activities, or contact sports should also be avoided for a few weeks. Swimming should be avoided for at least two to four weeks to prevent infection. Avoid rubbing or touching the operated eye and shield it from dust and irritants during the initial recovery period.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While mild discomfort, blurred vision, or slight redness are normal after cataract surgery, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Contact your ophthalmologist without delay if you experience sudden onset or worsening eye pain, especially if it is sharp, intense, or not relieved by over-the-counter pain medication.
Significant changes in vision are also a concern. These include a sudden decrease in clarity, blurring, cloudy or foggy vision after initial improvement, or the sudden appearance of new floaters (spots) or flashes of light. A sensation of a “curtain” or shadow coming over your vision also requires urgent evaluation. Other warning signs include excessive or worsening redness, discharge (such as crusting or mucus), or increasing swelling around the eye or eyelid. In some cases, fever, nausea, or vomiting alongside eye symptoms could indicate a more serious issue, necessitating prompt professional assessment.