A yeast infection, also known as candidiasis, is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida species. These yeasts naturally reside in small amounts on various parts of the body, including the skin, mouth, and vagina. An infection occurs when the delicate balance of microorganisms is disrupted, allowing Candida to multiply excessively. This article explores the potential consequences of leaving a yeast infection untreated.
Worsening Local Symptoms
Leaving a yeast infection unaddressed often leads to an intensification of local symptoms. Individuals may experience more itching and burning, which can worsen over time. The affected area can also develop redness and swelling, leading to discomfort.
Vaginal discharge might change in consistency, becoming thicker and more cottage cheese-like, or sometimes watery. Persistent irritation and scratching can further damage the skin, forming raw, cracked, or even bleeding areas. This local inflammation can make daily activities, urination, or sexual intercourse more painful and difficult.
Increased Risk of Spread and Recurrence
An untreated yeast infection can transition from an acute episode to a chronic or frequently recurring condition. Without intervention, the Candida overgrowth may become chronic, leading to episodes that are hard to manage. This can occur if the body’s natural microbial balance remains disrupted, allowing the yeast to re-establish itself.
The infection may also extend beyond its initial location to adjacent skin areas. For instance, a vaginal yeast infection could spread to the perineum or inner thighs, while oral candidiasis might extend to the esophagus. Prolonged inflammation and compromised skin integrity at the infection site can make the affected tissues more susceptible to other bacterial or fungal infections.
Potential for Systemic Complications
While less common, an untreated yeast infection can become systemic. This condition, known as invasive candidiasis or candidemia, occurs when Candida enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body. This systemic spread can affect internal organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes.
Such a progression is a concern, particularly for individuals with compromised immune systems. Individuals with conditions like uncontrolled diabetes, HIV, cancer, or immunosuppressive therapies face an elevated risk. For otherwise healthy individuals, the likelihood of a localized yeast infection leading to systemic candidiasis remains low.
When to Seek Medical Care
It is advisable to seek medical attention if symptoms of a yeast infection do not improve with over-the-counter treatments within a few days. Consultation is also important if symptoms worsen significantly or if the infection recurs frequently. Severe symptoms like intense swelling, widespread rash, or the development of fever or chills warrant immediate medical evaluation.
An accurate diagnosis is important to confirm a yeast infection and rule out other conditions with similar symptoms. Consulting a healthcare provider is also recommended for a first-time yeast infection, or if there is uncertainty about the cause of the symptoms. Timely medical care can help prevent the progression of symptoms and potential complications.