When a small metal particle enters the eye, rust can form on its surface. This is common, especially for individuals involved in activities that produce metal fragments, such as grinding or hammering. Even minuscule pieces of metal can become lodged in the eye, and the natural moisture causes these metallic particles to oxidize, creating rust.
Recognizing the Problem
When rust enters the eye, immediate sensations often include irritation and discomfort. Individuals may experience a gritty feeling, particularly noticeable when blinking. Redness of the eye typically develops, accompanied by excessive tearing as the eye attempts to flush out the foreign material. Other common signs include sensitivity to light and, in some instances, temporary blurred vision.
Immediate Steps to Take
If a foreign particle, potentially rust, enters the eye, taking immediate action can help prevent further irritation. The first step involves thoroughly washing hands with soap and water to ensure they are clean before touching the eye area. It is important to avoid rubbing the eye, as this action can push the particle deeper or cause scratches on the eye’s surface.
To attempt removal, gently flush the eye with clean, lukewarm water or a sterile saline solution. One method involves using an eyecup or a small, clean drinking glass placed around the eye socket, then tilting the head back to allow the water to wash over the eye. Alternatively, one can get into a shower and aim a gentle stream of water at the forehead, allowing it to run into the affected eye while keeping the eyelid open. Continue flushing until the foreign body feels dislodged.
When Professional Help is Needed
Seeking professional medical attention for rust in the eye is necessary to prevent complications. Consult an eye care professional if pain persists, if the foreign particle cannot be removed through flushing, or if symptoms like redness, tearing, or blurred vision worsen. Any signs of infection, such as pus discharge, increased swelling, or white patches on the cornea, also warrant immediate medical evaluation.
An optometrist or ophthalmologist can use specialized tools like a slit lamp to examine the eye and precisely locate the foreign body. They may use anesthetic eye drops to numb the eye before attempting removal with instruments like sterile needles or specialized burrs. Metallic foreign bodies can form a “rust ring” on the cornea, which also requires removal. If not properly removed, a foreign body and rust can lead to corneal abrasions, infections (like bacterial or fungal keratitis), or corneal scarring, potentially affecting vision.