Isopropyl alcohol, commonly known as rubbing alcohol, is a common household product used for various purposes, including disinfecting surfaces and cleaning wounds. While highly effective in its intended uses, accidental exposure to the eyes can cause immediate discomfort and requires prompt attention.
Immediate Symptoms
When isopropyl alcohol contacts the eye, a sharp burning and stinging pain is common, often accompanied by significant irritation and redness. The eye may also begin tearing excessively to flush out the irritant. Some individuals might notice temporary blurry vision or difficulty keeping the affected eye open due to discomfort.
First Aid Steps
The most important step is to thoroughly flush the affected eye with large amounts of clean, lukewarm water. This rinsing should continue for at least 15 to 20 minutes. It is helpful to hold the eyelids open during flushing to ensure water reaches all parts of the eye. If contact lenses are worn, they should be removed during the rinsing process. Avoid rubbing the eye, as this can worsen irritation or damage the delicate ocular surface.
When to Seek Professional Medical Care
While prompt and thorough rinsing can often resolve minor irritation, certain signs indicate the need for professional medical evaluation. If pain, redness, or irritation persists after the 15-20 minutes of flushing, or if symptoms worsen, medical attention is advisable. Blurred vision that does not clear, increased sensitivity to light, or a persistent sensation of a foreign object in the eye are also reasons to consult a healthcare professional. Signs of more significant damage, such as haziness or white spots on the cornea, or if a large amount of alcohol entered the eye, warrant an urgent eye examination.
Potential Ocular Effects
Isopropyl alcohol can affect the eye by acting as a drying agent, which can irritate and potentially damage the delicate surface cells of the cornea and conjunctiva. The cornea, the transparent outer layer of the eye, is particularly susceptible to chemical burns from alcohol. Depending on the concentration of the alcohol and the duration of exposure, effects can range from minor irritation and temporary blurry vision to more serious conditions. These may include corneal abrasions, which are scratches on the eye’s surface, or chemical conjunctivitis, an inflammation of the conjunctiva.