Warts are common skin growths that arise from an infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus triggers an overgrowth of skin cells, leading to the characteristic raised, rough texture of a wart. While generally harmless, many individuals wonder what occurs if these growths are not actively treated.
What Happens to Warts Left Untreated
Many warts, particularly in children, can disappear on their own without any treatment. This spontaneous regression occurs as the body’s immune system eventually recognizes and fights off the HPV infection causing the wart. This process can take varying amounts of time, ranging from weeks or months to even several years.
However, not all warts resolve on their own; some may persist indefinitely. Warts can also grow larger over time if left untreated. The location of a wart can influence its natural progression. For example, warts on pressure points like the soles of the feet, known as plantar warts, can grow inward and become painful, feeling like stepping on pebbles.
Potential Problems and Spread
Leaving warts untreated can lead to various issues. Warts located on areas subjected to pressure, such as the feet or hands, can become tender or painful, potentially interfering with daily activities like walking or writing. Beyond physical discomfort, the presence of warts can also be a cosmetic concern.
The HPV virus that causes warts is contagious, and untreated warts can facilitate its spread. Autoinoculation, the spread of the virus to other areas on the same person, can occur through scratching, touching, or shaving the wart. This can result in new warts appearing elsewhere on the body. There is also a risk of transmitting the virus to other individuals through direct skin-to-skin contact or indirectly via shared objects. While rare for common warts, certain HPV types are linked to more significant issues, with specific strains associated with genital warts that can increase cancer risk, such as cervical cancer.
When to Consult a Doctor
If warts do not go away on their own, grow larger, or begin to spread rapidly to new areas, consult a healthcare professional. Also, if a wart causes significant pain, bleeds, or interferes with daily activities.
Individuals who experience cosmetic distress due to a wart in a visible location may consider consulting a doctor for removal options. People with compromised immune systems should seek medical attention for warts, as their immune response may be less effective at clearing the infection. Additionally, if there is any uncertainty about whether a skin growth is truly a wart or something else, or if warts appear in sensitive areas like the face or genitals, consult a healthcare professional.