Lexapro (escitalopram) is an antidepressant (SSRI) used for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. This medication works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood. Taking Lexapro exactly as prescribed is important for patient safety. Understanding the potential consequences of an excessive dose is crucial.
Identifying Symptoms
Symptoms of an excessive Lexapro dose can vary, depending on the amount taken and individual factors. Early warning signs, such as unusual drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting, may appear within hours.
Mild to moderate symptoms often include gastrointestinal distress, dizziness, lightheadedness, increased sweating, agitation, restlessness, tremors, dilated pupils, dry mouth, and a rapid heart rate.
More severe symptoms indicate a greater medical concern. These can include confusion, disorientation, convulsions, seizures, extremely low or high blood pressure, irregular heart rhythms, or loss of consciousness. Rarely, severe overdose can lead to chaotic heart rhythm, heart failure, or acute kidney failure.
Understanding the Risks
Taking too much Lexapro can lead to serious health complications. One concerning risk is Serotonin Syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition caused by an excessive accumulation of serotonin in the brain. Symptoms include agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, and muscle stiffness or twitching. Severe Serotonin Syndrome can lead to high fever, seizures, and coma.
The heart can also be affected. Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) can occur, including slow and fast heart rates, and QT prolongation, which can lead to life-threatening disturbances. While Lexapro is generally considered safer in overdose compared to older antidepressants, seizures and other neurological issues remain a risk.
Combining Lexapro with other substances, especially those that also affect serotonin levels, significantly increases the risk of Serotonin Syndrome and other severe outcomes. This includes certain other antidepressants like MAOIs, as well as some illicit drugs.
Emergency Response
If a Lexapro overdose is suspected, seeking immediate professional medical help is paramount. The first and most important step is to call emergency services (e.g., 911 in the U.S.) or a local poison control center. It is important not to attempt self-treatment or to wait for symptoms to worsen.
When contacting responders, provide detailed information: the individual’s age, weight, approximate Lexapro amount, and estimated ingestion time. Mention any other consumed medications, alcohol, or substances. Keeping the prescription bottle available can assist paramedics.
While waiting, remain calm and vigilant. Monitor the individual’s breathing, consciousness, and skin color. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by emergency personnel. Medical professionals will assess the overdose and provide appropriate treatment, such as monitoring vital signs, administering activated charcoal, or offering supportive care.
Preventing Overdose
Preventing a Lexapro overdose involves consistently following prescribed instructions and maintaining open communication with healthcare providers. Always take the medication exactly as directed, never exceeding the prescribed dose. Dosage adjustments should only be made under medical guidance.
Store medication safely in its original container, out of reach of children and pets. Do not share medication with others.
Communicate with healthcare providers about all current medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to avoid dangerous drug interactions. Discussing concerns about side effects or effectiveness ensures safe treatment. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments also help prevent accidental overdose.