Plan B (levonorgestrel) is a form of emergency contraception designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse or when a regular contraceptive method has failed. It primarily functions by delaying or preventing ovulation, which reduces the likelihood of fertilization.
Standard Plan B Dosage
The standard dosage for Plan B One-Step is a single 1.5 milligram tablet of levonorgestrel, taken orally as soon as possible after unprotected sex. Its effectiveness is highest within 72 hours (three days) of the event, though it can be used up to five days later with decreasing efficacy. Packaging and medical guidelines recommend this single-pill regimen for optimal results.
Effects of Doubling the Dose
Taking two Plan B pills (3.0 milligrams of levonorgestrel) is generally not recommended for increasing effectiveness. Studies have not demonstrated that a double dose significantly improves its efficacy for the general population. Its primary mechanism involves delaying ovulation, and a higher dose does not necessarily make this process more effective once the optimal hormonal threshold for prevention is reached. Doubling the dose can lead to more pronounced common side effects, including increased nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, headaches, breast tenderness, and changes in the menstrual cycle, such as earlier or later periods, or heavier or lighter bleeding. While higher doses have been explored for specific situations, like interactions with certain medications or for individuals with a higher body mass index, recent research indicates a double dose does not improve outcomes for those with a BMI over 30.
When to Consult a Healthcare Provider
Consult a healthcare provider after taking Plan B, especially if two doses were taken. If vomiting occurs within two hours, the medication might not have been fully absorbed, and medical advice should be sought to determine if another dose is necessary. If the next menstrual period is delayed by more than a week or is unusually light, a pregnancy test is advised, followed by a consultation with a healthcare professional. Severe abdominal pain or unusual vaginal bleeding warrants immediate medical attention, as these could indicate a serious condition like an ectopic pregnancy. For persistent concerns or questions, discuss them with a doctor or pharmacist.
Understanding Emergency Contraception’s Role
Emergency contraception, like Plan B, is a backup method to prevent pregnancy, not a regular form of birth control. Its higher hormone dose can lead to more side effects than daily contraceptive pills. For ongoing pregnancy prevention, consistent long-term birth control methods are available and should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Other emergency contraception options include ulipristal acetate (Ella), available by prescription, or the copper intrauterine device (IUD), inserted by a healthcare professional; these alternatives may be more suitable depending on the timeframe since unprotected sex, individual body weight, or long-term contraceptive needs. Emergency contraception does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).