A retainer is a custom orthodontic device that maintains tooth alignment after treatment like braces or clear aligners. Made of clear plastic or wire and acrylic, it holds teeth in their corrected positions. To ensure long-term success, remove any removable retainer before consuming anything other than plain, cool water. Chewing introduces mechanical and thermal stresses the retainer material is not designed to withstand.
Physical Damage to the Retainer
Chewing forces put the retainer at high risk for irreversible damage. Clear thermoplastic retainers can easily fracture or crack when subjected to the pressure of biting down on hard foods. A single bite into items like nuts or crusty bread can compromise the appliance’s structural integrity. Abrasive foods, such as popcorn kernels or small seeds, can scratch the plastic surface, creating grooves that harbor bacteria and reduce transparency.
Heat is a major concern, as the plastic material can warp when exposed to hot foods or liquids. Drinking hot tea, coffee, or soup can cause the thermoplastic to soften and distort its custom shape. Once a retainer is warped, it no longer fits snugly against the teeth, rendering it ineffective at preventing tooth movement. For retainers with metal components, chewing sticky or tough foods can bend the wires, requiring repair or replacement.
Increased Risks to Oral Health
Wearing a retainer while eating creates a secluded environment that encourages the proliferation of oral bacteria. Food particles and sugars become trapped between the appliance and the tooth surface, maintaining constant contact with the enamel. This allows acid-producing bacteria to thrive, leading to demineralization and an increased risk of cavities. The retainer acts as a seal, preventing saliva from neutralizing acids and washing away debris.
Sugary or acidic liquids, such as sodas, juices, and sports drinks, also pose a significant threat. When sipped through a retainer, these beverages bathe the teeth in sugar and acid, and the retainer seals the mixture against the teeth, magnifying the corrosive effect. This constant exposure accelerates the breakdown of enamel, which can lead to tooth sensitivity and decay. The accumulation of plaque and food remnants on the retainer contributes to halitosis and can cause irritation and inflammation of the surrounding gum tissues (gingivitis).
Immediate Steps and Prevention
The simplest way to prevent damage and maintain oral health is to consistently remove the retainer before consuming anything other than water. When the device is not in use, always place it in its protective case. Wrapping it in a napkin increases the chance of it being accidentally thrown away or crushed.
Accidental Eating and Cleaning
Should you accidentally eat with your retainer in place, remove it immediately. Rinse the retainer thoroughly under lukewarm or cool water to remove loose food particles. Gently clean it using a soft-bristled toothbrush and a non-abrasive cleaner, such as mild liquid dish soap or a specialized cleanser. Avoid using regular toothpaste, as abrasive particles can scratch the plastic surface, attracting stains and bacteria. After cleaning the retainer, brush and floss your teeth completely before reinserting the appliance.