Cortisone is a type of corticosteroid, primarily used in medicine to reduce inflammation and suppress immune responses. The products you likely encountered are topical preparations, such as creams, ointments, or gels, which typically contain a lower-strength version of the drug, like hydrocortisone. This medication works by mimicking cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the adrenal glands, to calm irritation. Understanding the actual risks involved in this acute, accidental exposure while brushing is important.
Immediate Safety Assessment of Ingestion
A single, accidental ingestion of the small amount of cortisone from a toothbrush is considered a low-toxicity event. Over-the-counter topical preparations usually contain low concentrations (often 1% or less), meaning the quantity consumed is minimal. Because the exposure is acute and involves such a small dose, the amount of the drug absorbed into your bloodstream (systemic absorption) is minimal and unlikely to cause serious side effects.
The primary concern with corticosteroids relates to chronic, high-dose use, not a singular, accidental swallow. Risks like adrenal suppression or Cushing’s syndrome are associated with the long-term application of high-potency steroids or intentional, repeated ingestion. Your situation, involving a minute quantity, falls far outside this high-risk category. The effects of this type of ingestion are usually limited to mild gastrointestinal upset.
Recommended Steps for Acute Exposure
The first step is to thoroughly rinse your mouth multiple times with water. Swish the water around and spit it out to remove any remaining cream residue from your teeth, gums, and oral mucosa. Following the rinsing, drink a small amount of plain water to help dilute any substance that may have been swallowed. It is also helpful to check the specific product’s packaging to determine the exact name and concentration of the corticosteroid, such as hydrocortisone 1%.
Next, contact a medical professional or the national Poison Control Center (PCC) at 1-800-222-1222. Provide the specific product name and strength when you call, allowing them to give advice tailored to the exact ingredients ingested. Consulting the PCC ensures you receive expert guidance based on the most accurate information available.
Monitoring for Localized and Systemic Effects
Following the exposure, watch for two categories of signs and symptoms: minor localized effects and rare systemic effects. Minor effects are the most likely outcome, including a temporary bad taste in your mouth due to the cream’s non-active ingredients, or mild irritation of the digestive tract. You might experience a slight, temporary upset stomach or potentially a loose stool as the non-medicinal components are digested. These minor symptoms should resolve quickly without specific treatment.
Be aware of the extremely rare possibility of severe systemic effects, which require immediate medical attention. These symptoms, associated with significant overdose, include severe vomiting, persistent nausea, or signs of a severe allergic reaction, such as difficulty breathing or swelling of the face or throat. If you feel faint, experience an irregular heartbeat, or have an altered mental state, seek emergency care immediately.