Lipomas are common, benign fatty lumps that can develop just beneath the skin. While generally harmless, a lipoma can sometimes rupture, leading to discomfort and potential complications. This article explores the nature of lipomas, the signs of a burst lipoma, potential health risks, and necessary steps to take if this occurs.
What Are Lipomas
A lipoma is a non-cancerous growth composed of fat cells that forms in the soft tissues of the body. They are typically found just under the skin, feeling soft, doughy, and movable to the touch. They are less than 2 inches wide and grow slowly, without causing pain. Lipomas can appear anywhere on the body where fat is present, though they are most commonly observed on the neck, shoulders, back, abdomen, arms, and thighs. Most lipomas do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort or cosmetic concerns.
Immediate Signs of a Lipoma Burst
When a lipoma ruptures, immediate signs are noticeable. One might experience a sudden onset of pain or tenderness in the area, which was previously painless. The most distinguishing sign is the release of an oily, yellowish, or sometimes bloody discharge. Following the burst, the lump itself may change, often deflating, flattening, or shrinking in size.
Potential Complications
A burst lipoma can lead to complications due to the exposure of underlying tissues. The primary concern is infection, as bacteria from the skin surface can enter the open wound created by the rupture. Signs of infection include increasing redness, warmth, swelling, heightened pain, pus, or a fever. Inflammation can also occur as the body reacts to the released fatty contents and any introduced foreign substances.
The area where the lipoma burst might also develop a seroma, a collection of clear fluid that accumulates in the empty space left by the ruptured lipoma. The lipoma could also recur or regrow in the same location. Proper management is important after a lipoma bursts.
What to Do After a Lipoma Bursts
If a lipoma bursts, immediate steps should focus on wound care to minimize infection risk. Gently clean the affected area with mild soap and water, then cover it with a sterile dressing or clean bandage. Avoid squeezing or picking at the site, as this can introduce more bacteria or further irritate the tissue. Monitor the area closely for any changes.
Seeking professional medical attention is advised, especially if signs of infection develop, such as increasing redness, warmth, swelling, pus discharge, or a fever. Consult a doctor if pain intensifies, if a large amount of discharge persists, or if the burst site does not show signs of healing within a few days. If the lipoma appears to reform or grow back quickly after bursting, medical evaluation can help determine the best course of action. A doctor may recommend antibiotics if an infection is present, or surgical removal to prevent recurrence or manage persistent issues.