Omega-7 fatty acids are monounsaturated fats that have recently gained attention in nutritional science, despite their less-known status compared to Omega-3s. The most studied form is Palmitoleic Acid, which is increasingly recognized for its unique roles within the body. While the body can produce this fat internally, obtaining it through diet offers a way to introduce higher concentrations into the system.
What is Omega 7 (Palmitoleic Acid)
Omega 7 is a classification of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), meaning its molecular structure includes one double bond. The most recognized and studied form is Palmitoleic Acid. This structure places it in the same broader category as Omega 9 fatty acids, but the different double bond position gives it distinct biological properties. Palmitoleic Acid is naturally synthesized in the human body, primarily in the liver and adipose tissue. Although the body can produce its own supply, it is not considered an essential fatty acid like Omega 3s and 6s.
Key Natural Food Sources
The richest natural source of Palmitoleic Acid is the Sea Buckthorn berry and its oil. Sea Buckthorn oil can contain up to 17% to 29% Palmitoleic Acid in its total fat composition.
Another excellent source is Macadamia nuts and Macadamia nut oil. Up to 36% of the total fat content in macadamia nuts can be Palmitoleic Acid, making them the most concentrated nut source. Macadamia oil is a popular culinary oil that provides a concentrated form of this fatty acid.
Palmitoleic Acid is also present in a variety of animal and marine sources, though typically at much lower concentrations than plant sources. Certain cold-water fish, such as sardines and anchovies, contain measurable amounts, with sardine oil noted to contain up to 15% Palmitoleic Acid. Dairy fats and products from ruminant animals, especially those that are grass-fed, are minor sources, often containing the related Omega 7 fatty acid, Vaccenic Acid.
The Role of Palmitoleic Acid in the Body
Palmitoleic Acid is recognized for its role as a lipokine, a lipid signaling molecule that affects metabolic processes in distant organs. This signaling function is primarily linked to metabolism and the regulation of insulin action. Research suggests that Palmitoleic Acid may help improve insulin sensitivity in tissues such as skeletal muscle and liver. In animal models, the administration of Palmitoleic Acid was shown to reduce weight gain and improve insulin sensitivity. It may also protect pancreatic beta cells from apoptosis, a condition often associated with the progression of diabetes.
Palmitoleic Acid is also noted for its supportive function in maintaining the integrity of mucous membranes. This is relevant for the health of the digestive tract lining and ocular surfaces, where it may aid in hydration and regeneration. The fatty acid is also used in the cosmetic industry for its moisturizing properties, which support healthy skin and hair.