Vulvar varicosities are a condition where veins in the external genital area become swollen and enlarged. These veins are similar to the varicose veins that can develop in the legs. While they can be a source of concern, vulvar varicosities are generally benign and frequently occur during pregnancy, affecting about 8% of pregnant individuals. They resolve on their own after childbirth.
Visual Characteristics of Vulvar Varicosities
Vulvar varicosities present with distinct visual features. They can appear blue, purple, or dark, sometimes bulging or having a twisted appearance. The veins can range in size from small, thin lines to larger, grape-like clusters, and they may follow a winding or tortuous path across the skin.
These enlarged veins are found on the labia majora, labia minora, or the perineum, the area between the vagina and anus. They might feel soft to the touch and can sometimes be visible through the skin. The appearance of vulvar varicosities can change with position, becoming more prominent when standing and less noticeable when lying down. Increased pressure from activities like coughing or straining can also make them more visible.
Accompanying Sensations and Symptoms
Vulvar varicosities can cause physical sensations and symptoms. Individuals may feel heaviness, pressure, aching, or throbbing in the vulvar area. This discomfort can vary in intensity, from mild to severe.
Pain associated with these varicosities worsens with prolonged standing, physical activity, or during sexual intercourse. Localized swelling or tenderness upon touch in the affected area is common. Some individuals may experience itching or irritation, which can be due to skin changes or pressure. Rarely, superficial bleeding can occur if veins are traumatized, such as during childbirth.
When to Consult a Healthcare Professional
Consult a healthcare professional if symptoms associated with vulvar varicosities are severe, persistent, or significantly interfere with daily life. Any sudden increase in pain, swelling, or a noticeable change in the appearance of the varicosities warrants medical attention. This includes instances where veins become especially painful, red, swollen, or hard to the touch, as these could indicate potential complications like a blood clot.
Seek medical advice for any questions or concerns regarding the condition, even if symptoms are mild. Healthcare providers can offer reassurance, discuss management strategies, and monitor for any developments.