The Veterans Health Administration (VA) uses routine blood testing as a fundamental component of preventative care. These laboratory tests offer a detailed internal snapshot of a veteran’s health during a physical examination. By analyzing various markers in the bloodstream, VA healthcare providers establish a baseline for individual health. This allows them to detect subtle changes that may indicate the early stages of a health concern. The information gathered is integrated with a patient’s medical history to form a comprehensive health profile, enabling timely intervention and management of existing conditions.
Comprehensive Health Check: Routine Panels
The foundation of a routine VA blood test involves two broad panels that assess the body’s functions. The first is the Complete Blood Count (CBC), which focuses on the three main types of blood cells. The CBC measures red blood cells, checking for conditions like anemia. It also counts white blood cells, the body’s defense against infection, and assesses platelets, which are necessary for blood clotting.
The second foundational test is the Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP), which details chemical balance and organ function. The CMP measures electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, which are integral to nerve and muscle function. It also provides a measure of kidney health by checking levels of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. These markers indicate how effectively the kidneys are filtering waste products from the blood.
The CMP also includes liver function markers, such as Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST). These enzymes are released when liver cells are damaged, helping providers detect liver disease or injury. Finally, the CMP measures blood glucose, providing a snapshot of current blood sugar levels.
Screening for Chronic Conditions
Beyond the routine panels, specific blood tests are frequently ordered to screen for chronic health issues common among veterans. Cardiovascular health is a major focus, addressed primarily through the Lipid Panel. This test measures cholesterol components, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The panel also measures triglycerides, and the results are used to assess the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Diabetes management utilizes both a direct glucose test and the Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) test. While the glucose test provides a single-moment reading, the HbA1c offers a long-term view of average blood sugar control over the previous two to three months. This marker reflects the amount of sugar attached to the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells. A high HbA1c result indicates prediabetes or diabetes, guiding providers in adjusting treatment plans.
For male veterans, age and risk factors may prompt the inclusion of a Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test. Elevated PSA levels can suggest prostate enlargement or the presence of prostate cancer, leading to further evaluation.
Interpreting Results and Follow-Up
Veterans typically access their blood test results through the My HealtheVet online portal. Results for chemistry and hematology tests are often available within a few days of verification. When reviewing the data, values are flagged as “abnormal” if they fall outside the typical reference range.
Veterans should not be alarmed by an abnormal flag, as these ranges are statistical averages, and not every deviation indicates a serious medical condition. A VA provider considers the results within the context of the patient’s overall health history, age, and medications. The provider offers the full interpretation of what the numbers mean for an individual’s health.
Following the release of results, the VA healthcare team uses Secure Messaging or a phone call to discuss significant findings and determine next steps. An abnormal result may require a repeat test for confirmation or lead to recommendations for lifestyle modifications. If a new condition is suspected, the provider will schedule a follow-up appointment to discuss treatment options or a referral to a specialist.