The sacroiliac (SI) joint is located in the pelvis, forming a connection between the sacrum, a triangular bone at the base of the spine, and the iliac bones, which are part of the pelvis. This joint plays a role in transferring the upper body’s weight to the legs and acts to absorb shock, managing forces transmitted between the upper and lower body.
The Primary Qualities of SI Joint Pain
Sacroiliac joint pain manifests through a range of sensations, which can vary in intensity and character. Many people describe the pain as a dull ache, while others experience sharp, stabbing pain. The discomfort can also present as throbbing, burning, or a feeling of instability in the affected area. This sensation is often perceived as a deep, persistent pain, rather than a superficial discomfort.
The pain originating from the SI joint can range from a mild, nagging feeling to severe, debilitating pain that significantly impacts daily life. It is not uncommon for the pain to cause a sensation of the leg giving way or buckling.
Where SI Joint Pain is Typically Felt
Sacroiliac joint pain commonly occurs in the lower back, often on one side, though it can occasionally affect both sides. The pain is frequently localized just below the waistline, near the dimples of Venus, which correspond to the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS).
Beyond the immediate joint area, SI joint pain often radiates to other regions. Common areas for this referred pain include the buttocks, often deep within the gluteal region, and the groin. Pain can also spread to the hip and down the thigh, typically along the back or side of the leg. While referred pain can extend below the knee, this is less common.
Activities and Positions That Affect SI Pain
Prolonged sitting or standing often aggravates the discomfort. Transitions, such as moving from a sitting to a standing position, can also trigger increased pain. Standing on one leg, as well as activities like climbing stairs, can place additional stress on the joint, intensifying pain.
High-impact activities, including running or jumping, are known to exacerbate SI joint pain due to the forces transmitted through the pelvis. Bending forward or twisting the torso may also increase discomfort. Sleeping on the affected side can worsen pain, and the discomfort is often more pronounced in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
Variations and Severity in SI Joint Pain
The experience of sacroiliac joint pain is not uniform; it can present differently among individuals and even fluctuate within the same person. The pain may be intermittent, coming and going in episodes, or it can be a constant presence. Its intensity spans a broad spectrum, ranging from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain that interferes with daily activities.
The level of pain can also vary throughout the day or week, depending on activity levels and other factors. For persistent or severe pain, consulting a healthcare professional for evaluation is advisable.