Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) is a drought-tolerant perennial or subshrub native to the steppes of Central Asia. It belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae, and is known for its long season of interest and resilience in dry conditions. Understanding the visual and tactile characteristics of this plant aids in its accurate identification. This description focuses on the features that make this species a popular choice for gardeners seeking a low-maintenance perennial.
Distinguishing Features of Flowers and Foliage
The foliage of Russian Sage is silvery-gray, a hue caused by a dense covering of fine, white, star-shaped hairs (stellate trichomes) that cover the leaf surface. The leaves are typically arranged in opposite pairs along the stem and are finely dissected, often deeply lobed or toothed, creating a delicate, almost fern-like texture.
The flowering structure develops in mid-summer and continues often through the first fall frosts. Individual blossoms are small, two-lipped, and tubular, clustered tightly in whorls along the upper portions of the stems. These flowers are usually a soft, violet-blue or lavender-blue color, creating a hazy, cloud-like effect. The blossoms are arranged on long, airy, branching terminal spikes or panicles that can extend up to 15 inches above the foliage.
Overall Growth Habit and Mature Size
Russian Sage develops a woody base, classifying it as a subshrub, and exhibits an upright, somewhat sprawling growth habit. The mature plant typically reaches a height and spread between two and four feet. This moderate size makes it suitable for middle or back border plantings.
The stems are rigid and square in cross-section, characteristic of the mint family, providing a sturdy framework. These upright stems, combined with the fine texture of the silvery foliage and airy flower spikes, create a visual effect that is both substantial and transparent, allowing the plant to be seen through in a mixed border.
Unique Sensory Characteristics
The foliage is aromatic, releasing a pungent, sage-like or slightly resinous odor when the leaves are brushed against or crushed. This scent results from volatile oils contained within the glandular hairs of the leaves.
The dense layer of fine hairs covering the leaves and stems gives the foliage a soft, fuzzy, or velvety texture. Even after the flowers fade, the silvery stems persist, adding structural and color elements to the winter landscape. The silvery appearance of these rigid stems often intensifies in late autumn, contributing to the plant’s year-round interest.