Nipple thrush is a common fungal infection in breastfeeding parents, caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans. This yeast naturally resides on the skin, but an imbalance can lead to infection. Early recognition is important for prompt management and comfortable breastfeeding. The infection can pass between a parent and their baby.
Visual Signs on the Nipple
Nipple thrush can show various visual signs on the nipple and areola. The affected skin may appear unusually pink or bright red, though color changes might be less apparent for individuals with darker nipples. Skin often looks shiny or glazed, sometimes with flaking or peeling.
The areola may also show signs of dryness or flakiness. A fine white rash might be visible around the nipples. Tiny blisters or fissures can also develop. Occasionally, white patches may appear on the nipple or areola; these resemble milk residue but cannot be easily wiped away.
Accompanying Maternal Symptoms
Beyond visual changes, nipple thrush often causes specific sensations for the breastfeeding parent. A common symptom is intense nipple pain, described as burning, itching, or stinging. This pain can range from mild to severe and may persist during or after feedings, sometimes lasting up to an hour. Nipples may also feel tender to the touch, with even light clothing causing discomfort.
Some individuals experience a deep, shooting pain within the breast, which can radiate through the breast tissue. This internal breast pain may be present immediately after feeding and can continue between feeding sessions. The pain associated with nipple thrush often does not improve with adjustments to the baby’s latch or feeding position.
Signs of Oral Thrush in Infants
Nipple thrush in a parent often means oral thrush in the infant, as the infection can pass during breastfeeding. Oral thrush in babies appears as white patches or coatings inside the mouth. These patches can be found on the tongue, gums, or inner cheeks and may resemble cottage cheese or milk curds. These white spots cannot be easily wiped away.
The baby’s tongue and mouth may also appear red or inflamed, which can make feeding difficult. Infants with oral thrush might exhibit fussiness during feeds, make clicking sounds while nursing, or show a reluctance to feed. Increased drooling can also occur if swallowing is uncomfortable due to soreness.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Consult a healthcare professional if any described signs or symptoms of nipple thrush are present. Seek medical attention if nipple pain is severe, worsening, or does not resolve with improved feeding techniques. If home remedies have not alleviated symptoms, professional guidance is needed.
A healthcare provider can offer a proper diagnosis for effective treatment, as other conditions can present with similar symptoms. If there is concern about the baby’s feeding patterns or if signs of oral thrush are noted, a medical consultation for both parent and baby is recommended.