Capsular contracture is a complication after implant surgery where the body forms a fibrous scar tissue capsule around the implant. While a soft capsule is normal, this capsule can sometimes thicken and tighten. This article clarifies the sensations one might experience if capsular contracture develops, its progression, and how it differs from typical post-surgical feelings.
Identifying the Common Sensations
Capsular contracture manifests through distinct physical sensations and changes in the breast. A primary indicator is a noticeable firmness or hardening of the breast, which some describe as feeling like an apple, a ball, or even rock-like beneath the skin. This hardening often comes with a sensation of tightness or squeezing, as if the implant is being constricted. Individuals may also experience pain, which can range from a dull ache to sharp, throbbing, or intermittent discomfort.
Beyond these internal feelings, the physical appearance and touch of the breast can change. The affected breast might appear distorted, becoming unnaturally round, higher on the chest, or misshapen. There can be a feeling of implant displacement or reduced mobility, where the implant feels less flexible than it should. Sometimes, visible rippling or wrinkling of the skin over the implant may also be observed, indicating the scar tissue’s tightening effect.
How the Feeling Evolves with Severity
The sensations of capsular contracture often progress in severity, categorized by a system known as Baker Grades. In Baker Grade I, the breast remains soft and appears natural, with no noticeable symptoms, indicating a normal, healthy capsule. As the condition advances to Baker Grade II, the breast may start to feel slightly firm to the touch, though its outward appearance remains unchanged. At this stage, the subtle increase in firmness might be the only indication.
Further progression to Baker Grade III introduces more pronounced changes. The breast becomes noticeably firm, and visible distortion of its shape often occurs, such as a more spherical appearance or the implant riding higher. While the breast feels firm and looks abnormal, pain may not always be present at this grade. Baker Grade IV represents the most advanced stage, characterized by a hardened breast, significant visible distortion, and often considerable pain or discomfort. The pain experienced can vary in intensity and may interfere with daily activities.
Distinguishing from Normal Post-Surgical Sensations
After implant surgery, typical healing sensations include swelling, bruising, and general soreness in the initial weeks. A feeling of tightness or a squeezing sensation in the chest is also common as the body adjusts to the implants. Implants may also sit higher on the chest before gradually settling into a more natural position, a process known as “drop and fluff,” which can take several months. Temporary numbness or altered sensation in the breast or nipple area can also occur due to nerve healing.
Capsular contracture differs from these normal post-surgical feelings in its nature and duration. Unlike the temporary discomfort that gradually improves, the firmness and pain associated with capsular contracture tend to persist, worsen, or appear anew after the initial healing period. The distinct hardening and noticeable distortion of the breast’s shape are specific to capsular contracture, distinguishing it from the general tightness or settling that occurs during recovery. The onset of capsular contracture can occur weeks, months, or even years after the original surgery, unlike the immediate post-operative sensations.
Next Steps: When to Consult a Professional
If any new or worsening sensations related to breast implants arise, seeking medical advice is advisable. This includes noticing any persistent or increasing firmness, pain, or changes in the shape, texture, or symmetry of the breast. Even subtle changes, such as a feeling of increased tightness or a less natural feel, warrant evaluation. The onset of symptoms can be gradual or sudden, and prompt consultation allows for a timely assessment.
A healthcare professional, such as a surgeon, can perform an examination to determine the cause of these sensations and confirm a diagnosis. Early evaluation can lead to a more effective management plan. While this article focuses on identifying sensations, a medical professional can discuss the appropriate course of action, which may include various treatment options depending on the severity of the condition.