Hemorrhoids are a common condition affecting veins in the lower rectum and around the anus. These swollen veins, also known as piles, can develop internally or externally. External hemorrhoids form under the skin just outside the anal opening and are often the type people can see or feel. This article focuses on the appearance of small external hemorrhoids, helping to identify them.
Key Visual Characteristics
Small external hemorrhoids appear as lumps just outside the anal opening. Sizes vary from pea-sized to grape-sized. These lumps can be round or elongated in shape.
They may appear skin-colored if not inflamed, but take on a reddish-blue or purplish hue due to pooled blood. On darker skin tones, they might appear grey, black, or dark brown. When touched, these small bumps can feel soft, firm, or tender.
A thrombosed external hemorrhoid, which means a blood clot has formed inside, presents a distinct appearance. These look like a darker, blue, purple, or black lump, depending on skin tone. Thrombosed hemorrhoids feel harder and can be intensely painful.
Associated Symptoms
Small external hemorrhoids also present with several symptoms. Itching around the anal area is a common complaint, ranging from mild to intense. This itching can result from inflammation, inadequate hygiene, or excessive moisture.
Discomfort or pain is also frequently reported, varying from mild irritation to significant pain, especially if inflamed or thrombosed. Small, non-thrombosed hemorrhoids might cause only slight discomfort or no pain at all. If a blood clot forms, the pain can be sudden and severe.
Small amounts of bright red blood on toilet paper after a bowel movement can indicate the presence of external hemorrhoids. This bleeding occurs when irritated or ruptured from straining. Swelling and tenderness are also common, where the lump itself feels sensitive to the touch.
When to Seek Medical Advice
While many small external hemorrhoids resolve with home care, certain signs warrant medical consultation. Seek medical advice for severe, unimproving pain or discomfort. Any significant bleeding, or if the blood is not bright red, should also prompt a doctor’s visit, as it could indicate a more serious condition.
If hemorrhoids do not improve with home care within about a week, professional evaluation is recommended. If uncertain about the diagnosis, or if you notice any changes in bowel habits or feel dizzy or lightheaded due to blood loss, consult a healthcare provider.