Mat herpes, also known as herpes gladiatorum, is a skin infection caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the same virus responsible for cold sores. This condition is particularly common among athletes in contact sports, such as wrestling, due to direct skin-to-skin contact during activities. Understanding the visual characteristics of mat herpes is important for early identification and to prevent further spread.
Visual Characteristics of Outbreaks
Mat herpes outbreaks typically begin as small, red bumps (papules). These initial bumps can be mistaken for common skin irritations like pimples. Soon after, they evolve into small, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) that often appear in clusters with surrounding redness.
The blisters are usually clear or yellowish and can be painful or tender. They are generally small, forming a tight grouping on an inflamed base. The affected skin may also feel tingly, itchy, or experience a burning sensation before the visible eruption of blisters.
Progression and Evolution of Lesions
After their initial appearance, mat herpes lesions undergo a predictable progression. Within a few days, the fluid-filled vesicles may rupture, forming shallow, open sores or ulcers. These can be painful and may ooze clear or yellowish fluid.
As healing continues, these open sores dry out, forming scabs over the affected area. These scabs typically fall off within 7 to 14 days, revealing new skin underneath. While sores usually heal without scarring, picking or rubbing the scabs can increase the chance of scarring.
Common Locations and Subtle Variations
Mat herpes outbreaks can occur anywhere on the skin, but in athletes, they are frequently found on areas prone to skin-to-skin contact. Common locations include the head, neck, ears, arms, and upper torso, such as the chest and shoulders.
The visual presentation of mat herpes can vary slightly among individuals. While typical outbreaks present as distinct clusters of blisters, some might experience less prominent or more widespread lesions. The color of the affected skin can also range from red or pink on lighter skin tones to purple, brown, or darker on darker skin tones.
Distinguishing Mat Herpes from Similar Skin Conditions
Differentiating mat herpes from other skin conditions requires attention to specific visual cues. Impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, also causes blisters, but these typically burst and form characteristic honey-colored crusts. Impetigo lesions may also be surrounded by redness and swelling, with pus-filled discharge.
Folliculitis, an inflammation of hair follicles, appears as red, inflamed bumps, sometimes with pus-filled centers. These are usually less painful than herpes lesions and often occur around hair follicles, unlike herpes blisters.
Severe acne, characterized by raised red spots that may have a white or yellow center, typically involves clogged pores and does not form the distinct, clear, fluid-filled clusters seen in herpes. Herpes lesions are also often very painful.