A hematocrit test measures the proportion of red blood cells in your total blood volume. This test is a component of a complete blood count (CBC), which provides a broad overview of your blood’s cellular makeup. It helps healthcare providers assess overall health and can indicate various conditions affecting your red blood cells.
What is Hematocrit?
Hematocrit (Hct) quantifies the percentage of red blood cells within your blood. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that transports oxygen from your lungs to tissues throughout your body.
To determine hematocrit, a blood sample is drawn and then spun at high speed in a centrifuge. This process separates the blood components, allowing the red blood cells to settle at the bottom. The volume of the packed red blood cells is then measured against the total blood volume to yield a percentage. This measurement provides insight into your body’s oxygen-carrying capacity.
Interpreting a Hematocrit Reading of 37
Normal hematocrit ranges vary based on age, sex, and individual health factors. For adult males, hematocrit levels fall between 41% and 50%. For adult females, the normal range is between 36% and 44%. Children have varying normal ranges depending on their age, with infants having higher levels and older children’s ranges approaching adult values.
A hematocrit reading of 37 indicates different things depending on an individual’s sex. For an adult female, a reading of 37 is within the lower end of the normal range. This level might be considered normal for some individuals, or it could be slightly below average. For an adult male, however, a hematocrit of 37 would be considered lower than the range.
A slightly low hematocrit reading, such as 37 for a male or at the lower end for a female, can suggest conditions like anemia. Anemia results from an insufficient number of healthy red blood cells, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue and weakness. Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia that can contribute to lower hematocrit levels.
Common Factors Affecting Hematocrit Levels
Several non-disease related factors can influence a hematocrit reading. Hydration status is one such factor; dehydration can lead to a higher hematocrit value because the plasma volume decreases, concentrating the red blood cells. Conversely, overhydration can dilute the blood, resulting in a lower hematocrit reading.
Living at a high altitude can naturally increase hematocrit levels as the body produces more red blood cells to compensate for lower oxygen availability. Pregnancy can also cause a slight decrease in hematocrit due to an increase in blood plasma volume relative to red blood cells. Additionally, recent significant blood loss can lower hematocrit.
Next Steps After Your Reading
A single hematocrit reading is just one piece of information regarding your overall health. Laboratory ranges can vary slightly, and individual results should always be compared to the specific reference range provided by the testing laboratory. Your healthcare provider will interpret your hematocrit result within the broader context of your medical history, any symptoms you may be experiencing, and the results of other blood tests, such as the complete blood count.
Only a healthcare professional can accurately diagnose and advise on the implications of your specific hematocrit level. If your reading is outside the range or if you have concerns, consult your doctor for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized guidance. They can determine if further investigation or treatment is necessary.