The National Weather Service (NWS) uses a system of alerts to communicate potential weather hazards, helping communities prepare for severe weather or flooding. The “Flood Watch (Areal)” is a specific alert that signals a developing threat across a broad geographic region. This alert does not mean flooding is guaranteed, but rather that the ingredients for widespread flooding are present and require public attention.
Defining the Areal Flood Watch
A Flood Watch is issued when atmospheric and ground conditions are conducive to flooding, often following prolonged heavy rainfall, multiple thunderstorms, or significant snowmelt. The alert serves as a heads-up that flooding is possible, typically within the next 12 to 36 hours, but is not currently happening or immediately imminent. The “Areal” designation specifies the type of flooding being forecast, which pertains to a general area or region rather than specific river gauges.
Areal flooding typically involves widespread issues like street flooding, poor drainage areas, small streams and creeks overflowing, or water ponding in low-lying zones. This type of flooding tends to develop more gradually from persistent moderate to heavy rainfall. It is distinct from the rapid onset associated with flash floods.
Watch Versus Warning Understanding the Difference
A Flood Watch is a preparation signal, meaning that conditions are favorable for a flood to occur, and the public should remain vigilant and ready to act. At the watch level, the focus is on monitoring the situation and developing a safety plan. It indicates that the potential threat is real, but the level of certainty and immediacy is not yet absolute.
In contrast, a Flood Warning indicates that a hazardous event is either imminent or already occurring. This transition from a Watch to a Warning signifies a confirmed danger, requiring immediate action to protect life and property. The warning demands a swift, protective response, whereas the watch provides time for planning and preparation.
Immediate Actions to Take
When a Flood Watch (Areal) is issued, the immediate goal is to shift into a preparedness mindset and actively monitor the situation. Individuals should continuously tune into a reliable source, such as a NOAA Weather Radio or local media, for updated emergency information from the National Weather Service. This sustained monitoring is necessary because a Watch can be quickly upgraded to a Warning if the weather conditions worsen.
Preparation should include securing personal belongings and identifying safe routes to higher ground. For those in flood-prone areas, it is advisable to bring unsecured outdoor items, such as patio furniture and trash cans, inside or tie them down to prevent them from being swept away. Preparing an emergency kit with food, water, and necessary medications is also a prudent step during this time. Be ready to evacuate if local officials issue an order, and always remember the safety principle: never attempt to drive or walk through floodwaters.