A dislocated ankle occurs when the bones forming the ankle joint are forced out of their normal alignment. This means the joint surfaces no longer connect properly. The ankle joint, primarily formed by the tibia, fibula, and talus bones, relies on precise articulation for stable movement.
How to Visually Identify a Dislocated Ankle
An ankle dislocation often presents with a visible deformity. The affected ankle may appear “out of place,” misshapen, or twisted at an unnatural angle compared to the uninjured ankle.
Significant and rapid swelling develops around the ankle joint almost immediately after the injury. This swelling is caused by fluid accumulation and internal bleeding from damaged tissues and blood vessels. Bruising or discoloration, ranging from red to purple, also appears quickly as blood leaks from ruptured capillaries into the surrounding soft tissues.
In more severe cases, displaced bones might visibly push against the skin, creating an abnormal bulge. Conversely, there might be a noticeable indentation or hollow where the joint should normally be, indicating a complete separation. These visual cues often make a dislocated ankle apparent upon inspection.
Other Key Indicators of an Ankle Dislocation
Beyond the visual signs, a dislocated ankle is accompanied by severe and immediate pain. This intense pain results from significant trauma to the joint, including stretching or tearing of ligaments, tendons, and joint capsule tissues. The disruption of nerve endings within the injured area contributes to the high pain levels.
An individual with a dislocated ankle will be unable to bear any weight on the affected foot. Attempting to stand or put pressure on the injured ankle will exacerbate the pain and is physically impossible due to the joint’s instability and misalignment. The normal range of motion in the ankle joint is completely lost or severely restricted.
The foot or toes below the injury may experience numbness, tingling, or a cold sensation. This indicates potential involvement or compression of nerves and blood vessels due to the displaced bones and swelling. These sensory changes highlight the injury’s severity.
What to Do Immediately After an Ankle Dislocation
If an ankle dislocation is suspected, seeking immediate medical attention is important. This type of injury constitutes a medical emergency that requires prompt professional intervention to prevent further complications. Calling emergency services or transporting the individual to the nearest emergency room without delay is the most appropriate first step.
Do not attempt to “pop” the ankle back into place. Such actions can cause additional severe damage to surrounding nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, or cartilage, potentially leading to long-term complications. Only trained medical professionals should perform the reduction of a dislocated joint.
Gently stabilizing the ankle in its current position can help prevent further movement and reduce additional trauma. This can be achieved using soft supports like pillows, rolled blankets, or towels placed around the injured area. Avoiding any weight-bearing on the affected ankle is also important to minimize further injury before medical help arrives.
While prioritizing medical attention, applying ice to the area if readily accessible can help manage swelling and pain. However, this should not delay seeking professional care. The primary focus remains on getting the individual to a medical facility for proper diagnosis and reduction of the dislocation.