Circumcision involves the surgical removal of the foreskin, the skin covering the tip of the penis. The appearance of the circumcised penis evolves through several stages, from the immediate post-operative period through complete healing. Understanding these changes helps recognize the normal healing process.
What to Expect Immediately After
Immediately following circumcision, the penis will appear red and swollen. This initial swelling is a normal part of the body’s healing response, often most noticeable in the first 24 to 48 hours.
A yellowish or whitish film, a normal sign of tissue repair, may form over the healing wound; this should not be mistaken for pus or infection. Minor bruising around the base of the penis or scrotum is also possible. Protective dressings, often with petroleum jelly and gauze, are applied to prevent the raw surfaces from sticking.
The Healing Journey: Week by Week
The healing process progresses over several weeks. In the first few days, typically from day two to day seven, the initial redness and swelling begin to gradually subside. The yellowish or whitish film may start to darken as it develops into a scab. Small amounts of oozing or crusting around the incision line are also common, indicating active healing.
As the first week concludes, the scab typically detaches, often between 7 and 10 days post-procedure. If a plastic ring (like a Plastibell) was used, it usually falls off around 10 to 14 days after the surgery. During weeks two to four, the skin continues to heal and smooth out, and any remaining swelling significantly decreases. Any pinker or redder discoloration gradually fades.
Throughout this period, the glans becomes more exposed. Initially, it may be quite sensitive as it adjusts to being uncovered. Applying petroleum jelly helps maintain moisture and prevents the glans from sticking to clothing or diapers. Dissolvable stitches, if used, will typically fall out or dissolve within two to six weeks.
Recognizing Signs of Concern
While some redness, swelling, and discharge are normal, certain visual cues can signal a potential complication requiring medical attention. Excessive bleeding is a concern if it soaks through dressings or produces blood spots larger than a thumb. Persistent or increasing swelling and redness that worsen beyond the first few days, rather than improving, can also indicate a problem.
The presence of pus, which is typically a cloudy, yellowish or greenish fluid, particularly if accompanied by a foul odor, is a sign of infection. A fever, especially if it exceeds 101.5°F (38°C) a day after surgery, may also suggest an infection. Other concerning visual signs include the glans appearing dark blue or black, which could indicate insufficient blood flow. Difficulty urinating, or an absence of urination for 8 to 12 hours, also warrants immediate medical consultation.
The Fully Healed Appearance
Once fully healed, which can take several weeks to a few months, the circumcised penis typically presents a smooth and uniform appearance. A visible scar line will be present where the foreskin was removed. This scar often fades over time, becoming less noticeable, though its color may remain slightly lighter or darker than the surrounding skin.
The glans will remain exposed, and its sensitivity will typically normalize as it adapts to continuous exposure. Variations in appearance are normal, as factors like age at circumcision, surgical technique, and individual healing responses can influence the final outcome.