A bedpan is a medical receptacle designed to allow non-ambulatory patients to manage urination and defecation without leaving their bed. Bedpans come in different forms and materials, each visually distinct and engineered to meet various patient needs and mobility levels.
The Standard Slipper Design
The most recognizable form of this device is the standard bedpan, often referred to as the “slipper pan” or conventional pan, which is shaped to slide easily under a patient. This design features a profile that is notably lower and flatter at one end, which is the “slipper” or blade portion intended to be positioned forward under the thighs. The pan then gradually slopes upward to a higher, more contoured section at the back.
This raised rear section is designed to provide a seating surface for the patient’s buttocks and contains the main collection cavity. The sloping contour and height difference allow the pan to be placed with minimal lifting, and the higher back edge prevents backward spillage. The overall shape resembles a wide, wedge-like bowl with an opening for waste collection.
The standard pan is generally wider and has a greater capacity than specialized models, resembling a combination of a toilet seat and a shallow bowl. This wider base offers a more stable platform for patients who can lift their hips slightly or be rolled onto the device. Historically, these pans were made from glazed ceramic or metal, but modern versions are predominantly made from durable, contoured plastic.
Specialized Bedpan Shapes and Materials
Beyond the standard model, the most common variation is the fracture bedpan, which has a distinct appearance tailored for patients with limited hip movement, such as those recovering from hip replacement or pelvic fracture. The fracture pan is significantly lower in height and flatter than the slipper pan, often described as having a triangular or very low-profile shape.
A key visual difference is the front edge of the fracture pan, which is extremely thin and flat, allowing it to slide easily under a patient from the front or side with little disturbance. This low-profile design means the collection area, while still present, is shallower than the standard pan.
Bedpans are typically constructed from a few different materials, which directly affect their visual and tactile appearance. Reusable models are often made from rigid plastic, which presents a smooth, opaque surface and is lightweight. Alternatively, stainless steel pans offer a high-shine, metallic finish and are visually more industrial and robust. A third type involves disposable pans made from molded paper pulp, which have a dull, fibrous, matte gray or beige appearance and are designed for single use.
Key Distinguishing Features and Sizing
Most reusable bedpans, regardless of type, will include a handle, often positioned at the rear of the pan near the highest point. This handle is molded into the structure, aiding in positioning, removal, and sometimes doubling as a spout for emptying contents.
The rim of the bedpan, where it contacts the patient’s skin, is consistently designed to be rolled, smooth, or rounded. This polished edge, whether plastic or metal, distributes pressure and enhances patient comfort by avoiding sharp contact points. Some models may also come with a separate lid, which is a simple, flat cover that snaps or rests on top to conceal contents after use.
Bedpans also come in various sizes to accommodate different body types. Standard sizes are designed for average adults, while bariatric bedpans are noticeably larger and wider. These bariatric versions are visually bulkier and often feature tapered, reinforced edges to support greater weight and ensure structural integrity.