Understanding the appearance of a young lemon tree is useful for home growers identifying volunteer plants or differentiating them from other garden seedlings. This knowledge helps nurture desired plants and avoid accidental removal.
Key Visual Characteristics of a Lemon Seedling
A germinated lemon seedling emerges with cotyledons, its initial seed leaves. These cotyledons typically have a kidney-bean shape and do not resemble mature lemon leaves, serving primarily to provide early nourishment. True leaves, developing after the cotyledons, are the first to show the characteristic shape of lemon foliage.
These true leaves are generally oval or elliptical with a pointed tip, and their edges can be finely toothed or slightly jagged. The upper surface of these young leaves is typically a dark green, often with a glossy sheen, while the underside appears a lighter green. When gently crushed, the leaves release a distinct citrus fragrance, a key identifying feature. The stem of a young seedling is usually thin and green, though it may sometimes exhibit a reddish tint.
Early Growth Stages and Appearance Changes
As a lemon seedling matures, its visual characteristics evolve. More true leaves will develop along the stem, gradually increasing the plant’s foliage. The slender, green stem begins to thicken and harden, becoming sturdier to support the growing plant.
Many lemon varieties, especially those grown from seed, develop sharp thorns along their twigs or at the leaf axils. These thorns are a natural defense mechanism. Within its first year, a young lemon plant can grow considerably in height, often reaching between one to three feet, and develop a more bushy appearance.
Distinguishing Baby Lemon Trees from Other Seedlings
To differentiate a baby lemon tree from other garden seedlings, perform a scent test. Gently crush a true leaf; a strong, unmistakable citrus aroma indicates it is likely a lemon or another citrus plant. While other plants may have a lemon-like scent, the specific fragrance of true citrus leaves is quite distinct.
Observing the precise leaf shape can also provide clues. Lemon leaves are typically elliptical with a pointed end and fine-toothed edges, often appearing glossy. This contrasts with other citrus varieties like limes, which might have very sharp, arrowhead-like leaves, or oranges, which can display a more stretched-out heart shape. Examining the petiole, the small stem attaching the leaf to the branch, can be helpful; lemon petioles feature very narrow “wings,” unlike the larger ones seen on pomelo or grapefruit plants. The presence of thorns on the stem is another strong indicator for many lemon varieties, though some cultivated types may be less thorny.