Orthodontic spacers, often called separators, are a preparatory step before getting braces. These small elastic rings or metal springs are placed strategically between certain teeth before the main orthodontic hardware is installed. The primary goal of using spacers is to make the subsequent placement of braces more precise and comfortable. They are a temporary appliance that helps ensure the overall treatment progresses smoothly.
The Essential Function of Separators
The job of separators is to physically create a tiny gap between specific teeth, typically the back molars. This action is necessary because most teeth are naturally nestled tightly against one another. The separator gently applies continuous pressure to push the teeth apart by a fraction of a millimeter.
This minute space allows the orthodontist room to fit metal molar bands. These bands are ring-like anchor points that wrap around the molars and secure the main archwire of the braces appliance. Trying to force a band onto tightly packed teeth without this gap would be difficult and could cause significant discomfort.
The separator prepares the foundation for the entire braces system. This small separation allows the orthodontist to select and cement the molar bands into place with ease. This precision ensures the braces sit correctly, which is necessary for effective tooth movement throughout the treatment.
The Placement and Removal Process
The process of placing separators is typically quick and occurs during a single office visit. For elastic separators, the orthodontist or assistant uses a specialized tool or dental floss to stretch the ring and slide it between the two target teeth, just below the contact point. Patients may feel a brief sensation of pinching or pressure as the ring slips into position.
Most patients wear separators for a short duration, usually between one and two weeks. This time is sufficient for the gentle pressure to move the molars enough to create the required space. It is important to attend the follow-up appointment as scheduled, as leaving spacers in too long can create too much space.
Removing separators is a simple procedure that takes only a few seconds per tooth. The orthodontist uses a small tool to pop the elastic or metal ring out of the space. Immediately after removal, the orthodontist fits and cements the metal molar bands onto the newly separated teeth.
Managing Discomfort and Daily Care
Experiencing soreness or discomfort after separators are placed is common, which signals that the teeth are beginning to move. This sensation is often described as a dull pressure, similar to having a piece of food firmly stuck between the teeth. The discomfort usually peaks within the first one to three days following placement and then subsides as the teeth adjust to the new pressure.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can be taken to manage this initial soreness. A soft diet can also help alleviate sensitivity when chewing. Patients should focus on consuming foods that require minimal biting, such as mashed potatoes, soups, yogurt, and soft cooked vegetables. Avoiding hard, crunchy, or sticky foods is required, as these can easily dislodge the separators.
Maintaining oral hygiene is necessary, but modifications are needed. Patients should continue to brush carefully around the separators to prevent plaque buildup. Flossing in the areas where separators are placed must be avoided entirely, as the flossing action could easily pull the temporary appliances out. If a separator falls out more than a day or two before the next scheduled appointment, the orthodontist should be contacted.