The pansy is a highly recognizable garden flower, admired for its vibrant colors and distinctive blooms. These cultivated hybrids of the Viola species often feature dark blotches that create a unique, face-like pattern. Their cheerful appearance belies a long history of deep symbolic meaning across different cultures and eras. The overarching symbolism of the pansy is tied directly to the concepts of “thought” and “remembrance.”
Etymology: The Link Between Name and Meaning
The primary symbolic meaning of the pansy is directly traceable to the origin of its name. The English word “pansy” is derived from the French word pensée, which translates literally to “thought.” This linguistic connection was established in the mid-15th century, rooting the flower’s meaning in contemplation and reflection.
The French pensée stems from the Latin verb pensare, meaning “to consider” or “to ponder.” This etymological foundation cemented the pansy’s role as the floral representative of inner mental activity. The visual appearance of the flower, which often appears to nod forward as if in deep thought, reinforced this association. Giving a pansy became a silent way to communicate that the sender was thinking of the recipient.
Core Historical and Literary Symbolism
The established meaning of the pansy as a symbol for “thought” was widely integrated into historical communication, particularly through literature and the Victorian-era language of flowers. William Shakespeare utilized this symbolism to convey emotional states in his plays. In Hamlet, the distraught Ophelia distributes pansies and states, “and there is pansies, that’s for thoughts,” directly linking the flower to reflection and memory.
Shakespeare also referenced the pansy, then often called “love-in-idleness,” in A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In this play, the juice of the flower is used as a potent love potion, making a person fall for the next creature they see upon waking. This application associated the pansy with whimsical, often irrational, thoughts of love and infatuation. The Victorians later adopted the pansy into the formal practice of floriography, the coded language of flowers.
In Victorian society, where open expression of feeling was restricted, the pansy became a discreet messenger for conveying silent admiration or thoughtful consideration. A pansy, often tucked into a small bouquet known as a tussie mussie, could be used for secret courting or to communicate unrequited affection. This practice ensured the pansy remained strongly identified with intimate, thoughtful remembrance.
Symbolism by Color Variation
While the general meaning of the pansy centers on thought, the specific color of the bloom adds distinct layers of secondary symbolism. Gifting a pansy of a certain hue allowed for a highly nuanced message in the language of flowers.
Purple and Violet
Purple and violet pansies traditionally convey deep admiration, dignity, and thoughtful reflection. Because purple is associated with royalty, this shade is often used to show great respect or congratulate someone on a significant accomplishment.
Yellow
Yellow pansies connect to cheerfulness, joy, and positive energy. This color often symbolizes the remembrance of happy times or is given to friends to brighten their spirits.
White
White pansies symbolize purity, innocence, and spiritual connection. They are chosen to represent sincere sentiments or new beginnings.
Dark Shades
Pansies that present in very dark shades, often described as black, are technically a deep purple or burgundy hue. These dramatic blooms carry meanings of mystery, elegance, or a deep sense of melancholy. They are sometimes used to represent a broken heart or a formal farewell.