Mice are small, adaptable mammals found across various environments, from natural landscapes to human dwellings. These creatures are classified as omnivores, meaning their diet is broad, encompassing both plant and animal matter. Their ability to consume a diverse range of foods contributes to their widespread presence and capacity to thrive in many habitats.
Natural and Opportunistic Feeding Habits
In their natural habitats, wild mice primarily consume plant-based materials like grasses, seeds, and grains for energy. They also forage for fruits, berries, and vegetables, including leaves, stems, and roots. They supplement this with insects such as beetles, caterpillars, grasshoppers, and worms for protein. In challenging conditions, they may opportunistically consume carrion or small vertebrates. Their nocturnal nature means much of their foraging occurs at night.
When mice inhabit human environments, their diet adapts significantly to available resources. They readily consume human food scraps, stored pantry items like cereals, bread, and nuts, and even pet food. Mice are particularly drawn to carbohydrate-rich and sugary foods. Beyond sustenance, mice continuously gnaw on various non-food items, including wood, drywall, electrical wiring, and cardboard. This behavior is necessary to wear down their continuously growing incisor teeth.
Diet for Pet Mice
For pet mice, a carefully managed diet is important for their well-being. The primary component of their diet should be a high-quality commercial mouse pellet or block. These formulated foods provide a balanced nutritional profile designed to meet their specific needs. Seed mixes are not recommended as primary food sources because mice selectively eat high-calorie items, leading to imbalances and potential obesity.
Small amounts of fresh fruits and vegetables can be offered as supplementary treats.
- Safe fruit options include Apples (without seeds), Bananas, Berries, Kiwi, Melon, Pears, and Grapes (in moderation).
- Acceptable vegetables include Broccoli, Carrots, Bell peppers, Leafy greens, Green beans, Zucchini, Cucumber, and Peas.
Occasional lean protein sources include plain boiled egg, mealworms, or small pieces of unseasoned cooked chicken. These treats should constitute no more than 10% of their total caloric intake.
Certain foods are harmful or toxic to mice and must be avoided.
- Chocolate, Caffeine, Onions, Garlic, and Rhubarb.
- Avocado pits and skins, Fruit seeds and stones, and Citrus fruits.
- Large quantities of dairy products, Sugary human foods, and High-fat items like peanuts.
Pet mice require constant access to fresh water, ideally in a water bottle. Additionally, providing various chew toys, such as wooden blocks or cardboard tubes, helps maintain their dental health.