Lidocaine patches offer a non-invasive way to manage localized pain. These medicated patches are designed to be applied directly to the skin, delivering medication to a specific area of discomfort. They provide targeted pain relief without the need for oral medications.
How Lidocaine Patches Work
Lidocaine patches work by releasing lidocaine, a local anesthetic, directly into the skin. This substance acts on nerve endings underneath the application site. Lidocaine functions by blocking nerve signals responsible for pain transmission. It interferes with the electrical impulses that nerves use to send pain messages to the brain.
The patch design allows for controlled, sustained delivery of medication through the skin. This localized action means pain relief primarily occurs at the application site. Lidocaine patches provide pain relief with minimal systemic absorption, reducing widespread side effects often associated with oral pain medications. The numbing effect typically lasts between 8 to 12 hours, depending on the patch type and strength.
Conditions Treated
Lidocaine patches alleviate various types of localized pain. They are particularly effective for neuropathic pain, which stems from damaged nerves. A primary indication for prescription-strength lidocaine patches is post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), the persistent nerve pain that can occur after a shingles infection.
Beyond PHN, these patches can also address musculoskeletal pain. Conditions such as certain types of back pain and joint pain, including those related to osteoarthritis, may benefit from their use. Over-the-counter lidocaine patches are also used for minor pain associated with insect bites or minor burns.
Safe Application and Important Considerations
Proper application of lidocaine patches is important for effectiveness and safety. Always apply the patch to clean, dry, and intact skin, avoiding areas with cuts, rashes, irritation, or open wounds. If the area has hair, trim it, but do not shave, before application. After handling the patch, wash hands thoroughly to prevent accidental contact with eyes or mucous membranes.
The duration of wear and frequency of use depend on whether the patch is over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription strength. Prescription 5% lidocaine patches are typically worn for up to 12 hours within a 24-hour period, followed by a 12-hour patch-free interval. OTC 4% lidocaine patches may be worn for up to 8 hours, up to three times daily. Adhere strictly to these instructions; never wear more patches or for longer durations than recommended, as excessive absorption can lead to serious side effects.
While generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience application site side effects like redness, itching, burning, or irritation. If severe irritation occurs, remove the patch; reapplication should be delayed until the skin irritation subsides. Less common but more serious systemic side effects, though rare, can include dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, or a metallic taste. Applying heat sources like heating pads over the patch is not recommended, as this can increase lidocaine absorption. Consult a healthcare professional if pain worsens, severe skin reactions develop, or any concerning systemic symptoms arise.
Prescription patches can often be cut to size before removing the liner to fit the painful area. Used patches should be folded so adhesive sides stick together and disposed of out of reach of children and pets.