Flying termites, often known as “swarmers” or “alates,” represent a specific reproductive stage in the termite life cycle. Their sudden appearance can be a source of concern for homeowners. Understanding their distinct appearance and behavior is important for distinguishing them from other insects and recognizing the implications of their presence.
Key Visual Characteristics
Flying termites possess several distinct physical features, including wings equal in length that extend noticeably beyond the body and are typically translucent with a visible network of small veins. The body is generally straight and broad, lacking the constricted waist seen in other insects. They usually range in color from dark brown to black. Their antennae are straight and beaded. These insects are relatively small, typically measuring between 0.25 to 0.5 inches in length, including their wings.
Distinguishing From Similar Insects
Differentiating flying termites from other winged insects, particularly flying ants, is important for accurate identification. A primary distinction lies in their wings: flying termites have two pairs of wings that are equal in length and shape, whereas flying ants have two pairs of wings that are unequal in length, with the front wings being longer than the hind wings. The venation pattern on termite wings is also simpler and less intricate than that found on ant wings. Termites have a broad, straight waist, giving their body a more uniform appearance from thorax to abdomen. In contrast, flying ants possess a distinctly pinched waist, creating a more segmented appearance between their thorax and abdomen. Furthermore, termite antennae are straight and beaded, while ant antennae are elbowed, forming a distinct bend in the middle.
Understanding Termite Swarming Behavior
The presence of flying termites indicates a specific phase in their life cycle known as swarming. Reproductive adult termites leave an established, mature colony to create new ones. They are driven to emerge when environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, are favorable for establishing new nests. Finding flying termites indoors often suggests an active and mature termite colony either within or very close to the structure. These swarmers are attracted to light and may enter homes through small cracks or openings. Their appearance is a strong indicator that a hidden colony has reached a significant size and is reproducing.
What to Do Next
If flying termites are observed, it is advisable to avoid disturbing them excessively. Collecting a few specimens, if possible, can be helpful for professional identification. The presence of these swarmers is a strong signal that a professional inspection is warranted. This is not a situation typically resolved with do-it-yourself methods due to the hidden nature of termite colonies. Termite colonies can cause significant damage to wooden structures over time, often undetected. A professional can accurately assess the extent of any existing infestation and recommend appropriate treatment options. Addressing the issue promptly can help mitigate potential damage to the property.