Celosia is a popular annual flower, often recognized by common names like cockscomb, woolflower, or plume flower. For those starting this plant from seed, knowing what the emerging seedling looks like is essential. The initial visual markers are distinct and change rapidly as the plant matures, allowing for easy identification among other garden sprouts.
Initial Identification: The Cotyledon Stage
The first leaves to emerge from the soil are the cotyledons, which function as the plant’s temporary food source. Celosia seedlings initially display two small, fleshy leaves that are typically oval or spear-like in shape. These first leaves appear uniform and smooth, lacking the distinct texture and definition of the mature plant’s foliage.
These cotyledons are attached directly opposite each other on the delicate, newly emerged stem. Since the seeds are extremely small, these initial leaves are also quite tiny, often appearing shortly after germination, which usually takes about 8 to 14 days in warm conditions. They are temporary and will eventually yellow and drop off once the true leaves begin photosynthesis. Growers often use the presence of these first leaves to decide when to thin multiple seedlings to one per cell.
Defining Features: The True Leaves
The emergence of the true leaves marks the point where the seedling develops its permanent, mature characteristics. Celosia true leaves present as lance-shaped or elongated ovals. They feature a more defined texture and a slightly wavy or serrated edge, which is a key visual identifier.
These subsequent leaves showcase the plant’s distinct veining pattern, often more prominent than in many other seedlings. While many varieties display a rich green color, certain cultivars develop striking colors, such as hints of burgundy, maroon, or red-hued foliage. The true leaves emerge directly above the cotyledons and confirm the seedling’s identity.
Overall Growth Characteristics and Health Indicators
Beyond the leaves, many Celosia varieties exhibit a reddish, pink, or purple tint to the stem, especially in cultivars with darker foliage. This coloration is a common genetic feature and can range from a subtle blush to a dark, ruby-red hue.
Providing sufficient light prevents “legginess,” where the stem stretches out, becoming thin and weak as the plant searches for light. A healthy Celosia seedling has a relatively short, sturdy stem, holding the leaves close together. The seedling is ready for transplanting outdoors when it has developed at least two or three sets of true leaves and all danger of frost has passed.