Flies are common insects found globally, and their visual perception differs significantly from that of humans. Unlike human eyes, which have three types of photoreceptors for color vision, flies possess compound eyes with numerous tiny lenses, allowing them to see a broader spectrum of light, including ultraviolet (UV) light. This distinct visual system allows them to detect movement and changes in their surroundings with remarkable speed.
Colors Flies Avoid
Flies generally tend to avoid certain colors, particularly within the green and yellow spectrum, and are also less attracted to darker, cooler colors. Research indicates that objects with green-yellow reflectivity can repel flies. While some studies suggest flies are repelled by warm tones like yellow, other research indicates yellow can be attractive to certain fly species.
Some studies indicate that flies are less sensitive to red and green colors, which appear dimmer to them. Flies are less likely to be drawn to colors that blend with their natural surroundings, such as greens and browns.
Colors Flies Find Appealing
Flies are attracted to a range of environmental cues, with color playing a strong role, especially in indoor settings. They are particularly drawn to blue tones, with some studies showing flies are significantly more attracted to blue than to yellow. This attraction to blue light is due to their compound eyes being highly sensitive to the blue and ultraviolet spectrum, mimicking natural light conditions necessary for navigation.
Flies are also attracted to UV light, which humans cannot see. This sensitivity to UV light is crucial for flies to locate food sources, mates, and suitable habitats, as many organic materials like decaying fruit or flowers reflect UV light. Additionally, some research suggests flies are attracted to bright, warm colors such as yellow and white, as these may mimic flowers or fruits they feed on.
Using Color to Manage Flies
Understanding how flies perceive color can be applied to practical fly management strategies. To deter flies, it is advisable to use lighter colors such as white, light yellow, or light green. Avoiding dark colors like black, dark blue, or dark red for clothing or outdoor areas can help, as these colors tend to attract flies.
For attracting flies, such as for traps, blue light is highly effective. Many modern fly traps utilize blue LED lights or UV light to lure flies, which are then captured by adhesive surfaces or electric grids. Yellow sticky traps are also widely used in agriculture and homes to attract various flying insects, including some fly species.