Creeping Charlie (Glechoma hederacea), also known as ground ivy, is an aggressive, low-growing perennial weed that poses a significant challenge in turfgrass management. A member of the mint family, it spreads rapidly using vining stems called stolons, which root at every node to create a dense, invasive mat. Its success stems from the thick, waxy cuticle covering its leaves, which acts as a barrier. This waxy layer causes standard contact herbicides to bead up and roll off, preventing absorption. Effective control requires specialized systemic chemicals that can penetrate this defense and travel down to the extensive root structure.
Active Ingredients That Target Creeping Charlie
The most effective chemical solution involves selective, post-emergence broadleaf herbicides, often sold as multi-purpose or three-way combinations. These products are formulated to target broadleaf weeds without damaging the surrounding turfgrass. The chemicals work systemically, meaning the plant absorbs the herbicide through the leaves and moves it through its vascular system down to the roots and rhizomes.
A common and recommended combination includes 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), MCPP (Mecoprop), and Dicamba, referred to as a three-way herbicide. Dicamba and MCPP are important components because 2,4-D alone provides limited control against Creeping Charlie. Using multiple active ingredients with different modes of action increases the probability of a successful kill and reduces the chance of the weed developing resistance.
Triclopyr is another highly effective chemical option often included in combination products or sold separately for use on this weed. Triclopyr provides superior control for ground ivy and wild violet compared to other standard broadleaf herbicides. This ingredient is a synthetic auxin that mimics a plant growth hormone, causing uncontrolled growth that eventually kills the weed. For the best results, check the label for the presence of Dicamba, Triclopyr, or a combination of 2,4-D, MCPP, and Dicamba.
Optimal Timing and Application Methods
The success of a chemical application depends highly on timing, which must align with the weed’s internal biological processes. The most advantageous period for applying herbicides is in the fall, typically from late September through early November. During this time, the perennial weed actively moves stored energy and carbohydrates from its leaves down to its root system to prepare for winter dormancy.
Applying a systemic herbicide during this downward nutrient flow creates an open pathway for the chemical to be transported directly to the roots and rhizomes, ensuring a complete kill. A secondary, less effective window for application exists in the spring when the plant is actively growing and flowering, usually in April or May. Regardless of the season, the plant must be actively growing and not stressed by drought or extreme heat for the chemical to be properly absorbed.
To overcome the plant’s natural defense, a non-ionic surfactant, sometimes called a spreader-sticker, should be added to the herbicide solution. This additive lowers the surface tension of the spray mixture, preventing it from beading up and allowing it to penetrate the waxy leaf cuticle.
Application Techniques
The treated area should not be mowed for several days before or after application to ensure maximum leaf surface area and sufficient time for chemical absorption. Repeat applications, often 10 to 14 days apart, are necessary to achieve complete eradication, especially with heavy infestations.
Safe Handling and Environmental Protection
Following safety protocols is necessary when utilizing herbicides to minimize risk to the user and the surrounding environment. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is specified on the product label and typically includes long-sleeved shirts, long pants, closed-toe shoes, chemical-resistant gloves, and eye protection. These measures are important because the majority of pesticide exposure occurs through the skin.
Avoiding chemical drift is crucial, which involves applying the herbicide on a calm day with little to no wind. Spraying near sensitive areas like vegetable gardens, flower beds, or the root zones of shallow-rooted trees should be avoided, as broadleaf herbicides can damage desirable plants.
After the application, people and pets must be kept off the treated area for the re-entry interval specified on the product label. Unused chemicals and contaminated containers must be stored and disposed of according to local regulations and the product label.