A “popped blood vessel” in the eye, medically known as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, often appears alarming due to the bright red patch it creates. This common eye condition is generally harmless and usually resolves on its own without specific medical intervention.
Understanding the “Pop”
A subconjunctival hemorrhage occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks beneath the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye. This allows blood to leak and spread, forming a noticeable red spot on the sclera. The blood is contained within this clear membrane, so it does not flow out of the eye. While its appearance can be striking, this condition causes no pain, discharge, or changes in vision. Some individuals might experience a mild scratchy sensation or a feeling of fullness in the eye.
Common Triggers
Many instances of a subconjunctival hemorrhage occur without a clear cause, often noticed spontaneously, such as upon waking. However, various everyday activities and minor events can increase pressure in the head, leading to a broken blood vessel in the eye.
Activities that involve straining, like vigorous coughing, sneezing, vomiting, or pushing during a bowel movement, are common triggers. Lifting heavy objects, bending forward, or intense physical exertion can also contribute.
Minor trauma to the eye, such as rubbing it too forcefully, can cause these fragile vessels to rupture. Contact lens use or certain eye surgeries may increase the risk. High blood pressure can be a risk factor. Certain medications, particularly blood thinners like aspirin, can also make individuals more susceptible.
When to Seek Medical Advice
While most subconjunctival hemorrhages are benign, certain symptoms warrant medical evaluation. Consult a healthcare provider if the red patch is accompanied by persistent eye pain, vision changes (like blurriness or double vision), or a headache.
Seek medical attention if bleeding results from significant eye trauma or if blood appears over the dark, colored part of the eye (iris or pupil). Recurrent hemorrhages without an obvious cause also warrant advice, as this may indicate an underlying condition.
Inform your doctor if you are taking blood-thinning medications or have a known bleeding disorder. Such situations may require further investigation.
Healing and What to Expect
A subconjunctival hemorrhage typically resolves within one to two weeks, similar to how a bruise heals. The bright red color gradually fades, often changing to a yellowish or greenish tint as the blood is reabsorbed. Larger hemorrhages may take a few weeks to clear.
No specific treatment is usually required. If minor irritation or a scratchy feeling occurs, artificial tears can provide comfort. Avoid rubbing the eye during healing to prevent further irritation or damage. The eye will return to its normal appearance once the blood has fully dissipated.