A sunburn on the lips, technically known as solar cheilitis in its chronic form, is an acutely painful inflammation caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage. The skin on the lips is significantly thinner than the rest of the face and contains almost no melanin, the natural pigment that offers some protection against the sun’s rays, making them highly vulnerable to burning. Symptoms often resemble a typical sunburn, including visible redness, immediate swelling, tenderness to the touch, and a feeling of dryness. The damaged tissue is compromised, and the immediate goal is to soothe the pain, reduce inflammation, and protect the delicate barrier to encourage healing.
Immediate Soothing and Healing Agents
The first step in treating sunburned lips is to apply cooling agents to draw heat away from the damaged tissue and use ingredients that actively reduce inflammation. Applying a cool compress is one of the most effective ways to reduce both pain and noticeable swelling. Soak a clean, soft cloth in ice-cold water, wring out the excess, and gently hold it against the lips; repeat this process as the cloth warms up.
Pure aloe vera gel, especially if refrigerated, offers immediate, significant relief due to its natural anti-inflammatory properties. It is important to use a product that is 100% pure aloe and non-flavored, avoiding any additives that could cause further irritation or are unsafe for potential ingestion. The gel helps to hydrate the damaged outer layer of skin and calm the heat sensation.
After the initial cooling and soothing, the next focus is protecting the skin’s compromised barrier to prevent moisture loss and infection. Occlusive moisturizers, such as pure Shea butter, are excellent choices because they create a physical barrier to seal in hydration and guard the area. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends avoiding petroleum jelly for acute sunburn, as it may trap heat in the initial stages of a burn. Shea butter provides a thick, protective layer without this risk.
For systemic relief from pain and inflammation, an over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) like ibuprofen can be taken. These medications work internally to reduce the body’s inflammatory response, which helps to decrease swelling and tenderness throughout the healing process. Staying well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water is also beneficial, as sunburn draws fluid to the skin’s surface, which can increase the risk of dehydration.
Irritants and Actions to Avoid
Certain actions and common lip product ingredients can worsen the pain and prolong healing. Repeatedly licking the lips is counterproductive, providing only temporary relief. Saliva contains digestive enzymes that irritate damaged skin, and its evaporation draws out natural hydration, leading to increased dryness and peeling.
Many popular lip balms contain ingredients harsh on burned skin and should be avoided. Products containing menthol, camphor, eucalyptus, or phenol create a cooling sensation that is actually a counter-irritant, stripping moisture and causing further drying. Similarly, steer clear of highly acidic or salty foods, as the chemical compounds will sting and inflame the raw, sensitive lip tissue.
If blisters form, allow them to heal naturally; do not pick at or pop them, as this increases the risk of bacterial infection and scarring. As the burn begins to heal and the skin starts to flake, resist the urge to pull off the loose skin. Peeling prematurely exposes the raw, underlying tissue, making the lips sensitive and susceptible to infection.
Future Protection and Medical Guidance
Preventing future sunburn requires consistent, daily application of a sun-protective lip product. Use a lip balm or stick offering broad-spectrum protection with an SPF of 30 or higher. Apply this product to the entire lip area, including the corners, every day of the year, regardless of the weather, as UV rays penetrate clouds and reflect off surfaces like snow.
Reapplication is crucial because the product is easily removed during daily activities. The SPF lip balm should be reapplied at least every two hours, and immediately after eating, drinking, or swimming. Wearing a wide-brimmed hat also provides a physical barrier, significantly reducing direct UV exposure to the lips.
While most mild sunburns heal within three to five days with home care, clear signs indicate medical attention is necessary. Seek guidance if severe swelling makes it difficult to eat, drink, or talk, or if pain is unmanageable with over-the-counter medication. Signs of a secondary infection or persistent tissue changes require immediate professional assessment, including:
- Fever or pus.
- Streaks of red surrounding the burn or a foul odor.
- Persistent blistering or any tissue changes lasting longer than a week.