A busted blood vessel in the eye, while often alarming, is generally a harmless condition that typically resolves on its own without medical intervention. Understanding this common occurrence can help alleviate concerns.
Understanding a Busted Blood Vessel in the Eye
A busted blood vessel in the eye, medically known as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks beneath the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye. Blood then leaks and becomes trapped under this transparent layer.
The trapped blood creates a bright red patch on the white of the eye, ranging from a small spot to covering a significant portion. Despite its striking appearance, a subconjunctival hemorrhage typically causes no pain or discomfort. It does not affect vision, as bleeding occurs on the eye’s surface, not within light-sensing structures.
Common Causes
Many factors can lead to a subconjunctival hemorrhage, most being benign and related to minor physical stresses. Common activities such as vigorous coughing, forceful sneezing, straining during a bowel movement, or vomiting can cause a temporary increase in pressure, leading to vessel rupture. Heavy lifting or bending forward are also frequent culprits.
Even minor actions like vigorous eye rubbing or slight eye trauma can cause these delicate vessels to break. Certain medications, particularly blood thinners like aspirin or warfarin, can increase the likelihood. Underlying medical conditions, including uncontrolled high blood pressure or bleeding disorders, may also contribute to recurrent hemorrhages.
What to Do and When to Seek Medical Attention
No specific treatment is usually necessary, as the blood naturally reabsorbs over time. Avoid rubbing the affected eye, as this can cause further irritation or prolong healing. Artificial tears can provide relief if mild irritation or a scratchy feeling is present.
The red patch typically clears within one to two weeks, though larger spots may take longer. During this period, the bright red color gradually changes, fading to an orange or yellowish hue as the blood breaks down and is reabsorbed. This color transition is a normal part of the resolution.
While most cases are harmless, certain signs warrant medical attention. Seek professional advice if the eye experiences pain, vision changes, or discharge. Recurring subconjunctival hemorrhages without clear cause, or those after significant eye trauma, also warrant a visit to an eye care professional. These symptoms might indicate a more serious underlying issue.
Preventive Measures
Certain steps can help reduce the risk of a subconjunctival hemorrhage. Avoiding vigorous rubbing of the eyes can prevent unnecessary stress on the delicate surface blood vessels. If you have conditions like high blood pressure or diabetes, managing them effectively through medication and lifestyle adjustments can also be beneficial, as these can make blood vessels more fragile.
When engaging in activities that might cause straining, such as heavy lifting or intense exercise, being mindful of your body’s limits can help. For those in sports or occupations with a risk of eye injury, wearing appropriate protective eyewear can safeguard against trauma. These measures contribute to overall eye health and reduce vessel rupture likelihood.