Getting orthodontic braces requires a period of adjustment as the teeth, gums, and jaws respond to the constant pressure applied by the hardware. This process often results in temporary tenderness and sensitivity immediately following the procedure. Changing one’s diet is necessary to manage this initial discomfort and protect the newly placed brackets and wires from damage. Understanding which foods are safe is an important part of a successful treatment plan.
The First 48 Hours: Soft Foods Only
The first two days after receiving braces, or following an adjustment appointment, are typically when the teeth are most sensitive due to the pressure exerted on the periodontal ligaments. During this phase, foods that require minimal or no chewing are strongly recommended to prevent added strain and pain. The goal is to nourish the body without forcing the teeth to engage in heavy mechanical action.
Highly forgiving food options include protein-rich scrambled eggs, creamy yogurt, and smooth mashed potatoes, all of which slide easily past the brackets. Soups, especially pureed varieties, provide hydration and nutrients without demanding any chewing effort. Cold items, such as milkshakes, popsicles, and smoothies, can offer a soothing, numbing effect on sore gums and teeth, helping to reduce inflammation and discomfort.
Long-Term Food Restrictions: What to Avoid
While the initial soreness subsides quickly, certain food categories must be avoided for the entire duration of orthodontic treatment to prevent mechanical damage to the hardware. Excessive force can cause brackets to become loose or archwires to bend or break, which can lead to unscheduled repair visits and potentially prolonging the treatment timeline. These restrictions are based primarily on the physical properties of the food.
Hard and Sticky Foods
Hard items, such as nuts, popcorn kernels, and hard candies, pose a direct risk. Biting down on them can snap a wire or dislodge a bracket from the tooth surface. Similarly, chewy or sticky foods like caramel, taffy, licorice, and chewing gum can adhere to the hardware. These foods exert a constant pulling force that can gradually loosen brackets or pull the archwire out of its slot. Habits like chewing on ice or pen caps must also be discontinued due to the high risk of breakage.
Foods Requiring Modification
Foods that require a wide bite must also be modified, even if the food itself is not inherently hard. Eating whole apples, carrots, or corn on the cob forces the front teeth to shear through the food, exerting undue stress on the brackets. These items should instead be cut into small, manageable, bite-sized pieces before consumption.
Eating Techniques and Pain Management
Beyond selecting appropriate foods, adopting specific eating techniques can significantly improve comfort and protect the orthodontic hardware. Cutting food into small pieces before placing it in the mouth reduces the necessary chewing force and minimizes the chance of food getting trapped in the brackets. When chewing, patients should focus on using the back teeth, as the front teeth are often the most sensitive and are more likely to cause damage when used for biting.
Managing Irritation
Managing discomfort often involves addressing irritation from the metal components. If a bracket or wire rubs against the cheek or lip, applying a small amount of orthodontic wax over the sharp area creates a smooth, protective barrier.
Pain Relief
For generalized soreness, over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can be taken before a meal to help reduce inflammation and make eating more comfortable. Rinsing the mouth with a warm saltwater solution can also help soothe irritated gums and any minor sores that develop as the mouth adjusts to the braces.