Total hip replacement (THR) is a widely performed and effective surgical procedure designed to alleviate hip pain and improve mobility. While generally successful, THR carries potential complications. One such possibility is a hip dislocation, where the ball of the artificial joint separates from its socket. Recognizing the symptoms of this complication promptly is important for patient safety and optimal recovery.
Recognizing Immediate Signs
A dislocated hip after replacement often presents with acute and unmistakable signs. Individuals typically experience sudden, severe pain in the hip or groin area, which often makes it impossible to bear weight on the affected leg, leading to immediate immobility. A distinct “pop” or “clunk” sensation or sound may be reported at the moment the hip dislocates. The affected leg may also appear visibly deformed, often looking shorter than the other leg or rotated unnaturally inward or outward. Individuals will find it extremely difficult or impossible to move the leg, and they may describe a feeling that the hip is “out of place” or unstable.
Less Obvious Indicators
While some signs are immediately apparent, a dislocated hip can also manifest through less acute indicators. Some individuals may experience numbness or tingling sensations in the leg or foot, which can occur due to potential nerve compression. Swelling or bruising around the hip area may also develop, indicating soft tissue damage. Even without severe acute pain, persistent discomfort or stiffness that worsens with movement can signal an underlying issue. There might be a noticeable difficulty with specific movements that were previously manageable, such as bending over or tying shoes, or a feeling of instability or the hip “giving way” without a complete dislocation.
When to Seek Medical Help
Any suspicion of a hip dislocation after a total hip replacement warrants immediate medical attention. Prompt care prevents further damage to surrounding tissues and reduces pain. Attempting to “fix” the hip oneself or putting weight on the affected leg should be avoided, as this can worsen the injury. Contact the orthopedic surgeon or proceed directly to an emergency room. Providing medical professionals with details about the hip replacement surgery, including the date and type of implant, assists in rapid diagnosis and management.
Confirmation and Initial Management
Upon seeking medical attention, a physical examination assesses the hip’s position and symptoms. Imaging tests, most commonly X-rays, confirm the diagnosis by visualizing the artificial joint components; a CT scan may also be used to assess implant malpositioning. The immediate treatment for a dislocated hip after replacement is closed reduction. This involves manually repositioning the femoral head back into the acetabular socket, often performed under sedation or general anesthesia for comfort and muscle relaxation. After reduction, follow-up X-rays confirm the hip is correctly back in place, and post-reduction care may involve activity restrictions or a brace to stabilize the joint and reduce recurrence risk.