The simple garment worn by patients in medical facilities is one of the most universally recognized symbols of being hospitalized. Despite its widespread use, the correct terminology is often confusing, as it is known by many different names. This ambiguity stems from the item’s dual nature: it is both a standardized piece of clinical equipment and a personal garment. Clarifying the distinctions between these terms helps to understand the medical, functional, and social roles of this essential hospital wear. The varying names often reflect whether the garment is discussed in a formal clinical setting, casual conversation, or in reference to a specialized medical function.
The Official Patient Gown
The most widely accepted and official designation for the standard hospital garment is the “patient gown” or “hospital gown.” This terminology is used consistently across clinical, administrative, and manufacturing settings. The primary design is utilitarian, focusing on providing medical staff with easy access to the patient’s body for examinations and procedures.
This standard gown is typically a loose-fitting, knee-length garment made from durable fabric, capable of withstanding repeated high-temperature washing for infection control. Its most distinctive feature is the open back, secured only by ties or snaps at the neck. This full-length opening allows quick access for procedures like epidurals or for monitoring the back and spine, and makes it easy to dress bedridden individuals. The design also prioritizes simple removal without disrupting medical equipment, sometimes including snaps along the shoulders to accommodate intravenous lines.
Slang and Informal Monikers
Outside of official documentation, the patient gown is frequently referred to by a colloquial name, most commonly the “Johnny” or “Johnny gown.” This informal moniker is particularly widespread in North America, though its exact origin remains a linguistic mystery with no single confirmed source. Some sources suggest its use may have originated as a regional expression in New England.
One anecdotal theory suggests the name may reference the “john,” a slang term for a toilet, due to the open-back design facilitating easy use of a bedpan or commode. Another possibility is that the term evolved from a common male name to serve as a familiar nickname for an otherwise impersonal piece of clothing.
Specialized Apparel for Procedures
Not all garments worn by patients are the traditional open-backed patient gown; many specialized versions exist with specific names reflecting their function. While the “surgical gown” is a protective garment worn by the medical team, patients may wear a specialized procedure gown. These patient procedure gowns are designed for targeted access and often provide greater coverage than the standard model.
Examples include “dignity gowns” or “lapover gowns,” which feature full-back coverage and snaps along the side seams. These designs enhance patient privacy while still allowing clinicians to access specific areas for exams or to manage catheters and drainage bags. Other specialized apparel includes disposable exam capes or tissue gowns, used for short diagnostic procedures like mammography. The distinction in names reflects variations in design, such as strategic openings for IV access or the use of specific materials for imaging procedures.