The areola, the darker skin surrounding the nipple, often features small, raised areas known as areola bumps. They are a common and normal anatomical characteristic. These bumps are present in both men and women, and their appearance can vary. Individuals often observe these bumps, which are usually a benign part of breast anatomy.
Understanding Normal Areola Bumps
The most common type of areola bumps are Montgomery glands, also known as Montgomery tubercles or areolar glands. These glands are primarily sebaceous (oil-producing) glands, with some milk glands. They secrete an oily substance that lubricates and moisturizes the nipple and areola, preventing cracking and soreness, especially during breastfeeding. This secretion also has antibacterial properties, protecting against infection.
Montgomery glands appear as small, fleshy bumps, sometimes resembling goosebumps or tiny pimples, on the surface of the areola. They can range in number, with individuals having from a few to around 30, or up to 40, on each breast, though an average of 10 to 15 is common. While present outside of pregnancy, these bumps often become more noticeable and may enlarge due to hormonal fluctuations, such as during puberty, the menstrual cycle, or during pregnancy and breastfeeding. During pregnancy, the areolas may also widen and darken, accompanying the increased prominence of these glands.
Other Common Causes of Areola Bumps
Beyond Montgomery glands, other benign and common reasons can lead to areola bumps. Sometimes, a clogged pore or sebaceous cyst can develop if an oil gland becomes blocked, creating a bump that might resemble a whitehead. These are harmless and may resolve on their own.
Ingrown hairs can also cause small, swollen, and sometimes painful bumps if hair follicles on the areola grow back into the skin. A warm compress or hot shower can help reduce swelling. Minor skin irritations, such as friction from clothing or during breastfeeding, can temporarily cause bumps or redness on the areola. Skin conditions like eczema may present as small, red bumps or a scaly rash on the nipples, often due to reactions to detergents or lotions.
When to Seek Medical Advice
While most areola bumps are normal, certain changes or accompanying symptoms warrant a consultation with a healthcare professional. It is advisable to seek medical advice if you notice any changes in the size, shape, or color of an existing bump. The appearance of new bumps that grow rapidly should also be evaluated.
Pain, tenderness, or itching associated with the bumps are concerning signs. Any discharge from the bump or nipple, particularly if bloody or straw-colored and from a single duct, requires immediate attention.
Signs of a possible infection, including redness, warmth, or swelling of the areola or breast, along with fever, indicate a need for medical assessment. Skin changes like dimpling, puckering, or a nipple that turns inward should prompt a doctor’s visit.