Lemongrass, a tall, aromatic herb (Cymbopogon citratus), is known for its distinctive citrus fragrance and flavor. Thriving in tropical conditions, it is used in Asian cuisine and for aromatic purposes. Its properties also influence its interaction with various animal species, serving as both a food source and a deterrent.
Common Herbivores and Livestock
Many domesticated herbivores and livestock consume lemongrass through grazing or as a supplemental feed. Goats eat lemongrass, which can contribute to their bone health and may increase milk lactose concentration in lactating goats. Rabbits enjoy the tough stalks for chewing; though they may avoid the citrus-scented leaves, lemongrass can be safely offered in moderation as a regular supplement.
Guinea pigs also enjoy lemongrass. Due to its iron and calcium content, it should be given in small portions, two to three times a week at most, whether fresh or dried. Cattle consume lemongrass primarily as a feed additive. Research indicates it can influence digestion and reduce methane emissions. Some cattle may initially dislike its taste but typically consume it when mixed with their regular feed.
Wildlife and Occasional Consumers
Some wild species may consume lemongrass opportunistically. Deer, for example, typically avoid lemongrass due to its potent aroma and flavor. However, if other food sources are scarce, deer might occasionally graze on it. Certain rodents, such as gophers, also consume lemongrass. Various insects may also feed on it.
Animals That Are Deterred by Lemongrass
Lemongrass is known for its repellent properties against certain animals, primarily due to its strong scent and chemical compounds. It contains citronella oil, a natural insect repellent effective against mosquitoes. The powerful aroma of citronella masks scents mosquitoes use to locate targets and disrupts their sensory receptors, deterring them from landing.
Lemongrass oil also repels flies, including house flies and stable flies. Its strong citrus scent keeps these pests away by interfering with their scent receptors and masking attractive odors. Beyond mosquitoes and flies, lemongrass can deter other common pests such as ants, fleas, cockroaches, ticks, and mealybugs, primarily through its potent smell.
Nutritional Value and Safety Considerations
Lemongrass contains beneficial nutrients, including iron, calcium, vitamin C, and magnesium. It also provides fiber. However, safety is a concern when considering its consumption by animals. For rabbits, lemongrass is safe in limited quantities as an occasional treat, but it should not form a major part of their diet, as overfeeding could disrupt their digestive systems.
For guinea pigs, caution is suggested due to the presence of citronella oil. Lemongrass is considered toxic to dogs and cats.
Ingesting it can cause stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Larger quantities risk gastrointestinal blockage and, rarely, cyanide poisoning due to cyanogenic glycosides. Lemongrass essential oil is even more concentrated and harmful if ingested or with prolonged contact. The ASPCA lists lemongrass as toxic to horses, potentially causing difficulty breathing, weakness, or, rarely, death. Lemongrass should be part of a balanced diet for animals that can consume it safely, rather than being a sole food source.