Aloe vera is a popular succulent plant recognized by its thick, fleshy leaves that radiate from a central stem. It is a common houseplant and garden fixture. Beyond its ornamental appeal, it has a long history of use in various cultures for its purported properties in skincare and other applications.
Animals That Consume Aloe Vera in Nature
A variety of wild animals may consume parts of the aloe vera plant, often out of necessity. Rodents like rats and squirrels are known to nibble on aloe leaves, particularly during dry periods when other water sources are scarce. Larger herbivores such as deer, elephants, kudu, eland, and even black rhinoceros have been observed feeding on aloes, valuing the moisture and nutrients within the leaves. Some insects, including certain beetles, also interact with and consume parts of the plant.
These animals often possess adaptations or consume it in quantities that do not cause harm. Porcupines and bushpigs may also forage for aloe stems and leaves, especially when their primary food and water sources become limited. Even primates like baboons and vervet monkeys might eat aloe leaves or flowers for their water content.
Aloe Vera and Common Pets
While some wild animals can consume aloe vera, the plant is generally toxic to common household pets, including dogs, cats, and horses. The danger stems from the latex, a yellowish sap found just beneath the outer skin of the leaves. This latex contains compounds such as aloin and saponins. These substances are irritating to the gastrointestinal tract of pets.
Ingestion can lead to a range of adverse symptoms in pets. Common signs of aloe vera poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. Pets may also experience a loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and tremors. In more severe instances, effects can extend to low blood sugar, changes in urine color, or even the breakdown of red blood cells.
Pets might be attracted to eating plants due to curiosity, boredom, or a perceived nutritional deficiency. Some dogs and cats chew on plants as a natural instinct or to alleviate an upset stomach. It is important for pet owners to recognize that aloe vera poses a health risk to their animals.
If a Pet Consumes Aloe Vera
If a pet is suspected of ingesting aloe vera, immediate action is necessary. Pet owners should contact their veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately. Resources like the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435) or Pet Poison Helpline (855-764-7661) are available.
When calling, be prepared to provide details about the pet, including its size, the approximate amount ingested, and any observed symptoms. Veterinary interventions may include inducing vomiting or administering activated charcoal to remove toxins from the pet’s system. Fluid therapy and supportive care might also be necessary to manage symptoms. These treatments should only be performed under the direct supervision of a veterinary professional.