Unusual sounds at night, particularly those resembling a human cough, can spark curiosity or concern. Understanding the potential sources of these mysterious nighttime sounds can help demystify the natural world around us.
Identifying Nocturnal Animals with Cough-Like Sounds
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a frequent culprit, known for a variety of vocalizations, including a distinct, low, and often soft cough. This sound is sometimes repeated in quick succession, though it can also be a single, low sound. Foxes use these coughs to communicate, with vixens often coughing to their cubs. Beyond coughing, foxes also produce shrieks, barks, and growls.
Deer, particularly white-tailed deer, can also make a sound similar to a human cough, often described as a snort or “blowing” sound. This harsh, raspy expulsion of air is typically an alarm call, used to warn other deer of perceived danger, such as the presence of a predator or human.
Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are another animal with a diverse vocal repertoire. While they are known for purring, chittering, growling, and whimpering, some of their sounds, including distress calls or warning sounds, might occasionally be interpreted as cough-like.
Squirrels, although largely diurnal, can also produce barks or aggressive sounds. These might be perceived as a cough, especially if heard from an enclosed space like an attic.
Differentiating Between Sounds
Distinguishing these sounds requires attention to nuance. A fox’s cough is generally a low, soft sound, sometimes repeated rapidly. This contrasts with a deer’s “cough,” which is a forceful snort or blow, serving as a clear alarm signal. These deer sounds tend to be harsh and raspy, often accompanied by stomping or other signs of agitation if they sense a threat.
Raccoon vocalizations are highly varied; if a coughing sound is heard, it might be part of a broader sequence of chitters, growls, or whimpers, and could emanate from a den or attic. Conversely, a squirrel’s bark, while potentially mistaken for a cough, is often sharp and repetitive, used as a warning call or a sign of aggression. Paying attention to the context, such as accompanying noises, the frequency of the sound, and the general environment, can help narrow down the possibilities.
What to Do When You Hear Them
When you hear unfamiliar animal sounds at night, observing without direct interaction is generally the safest approach. If you suspect an animal is nearby, look for physical evidence during daylight hours, such as tracks or droppings, known as scat. Deer tracks are identifiable by their cloven, two-toed hoof prints, while fox prints are diamond-shaped with four toes, often in a direct path. Raccoon tracks typically show five toes on the front and five on the back, resembling small human hands. The appearance of scat can also provide clues about the animal’s diet and identity.
Maintaining a safe distance from wild animals is always important. If the sounds persist and indicate an animal might be distressed, injured, or causing property damage, contacting local animal control or a professional nuisance wildlife control operator is advisable. These professionals can identify the species involved, assess the situation, and implement humane removal or management strategies if necessary. Securing attractants like food sources can also help prevent wildlife from frequenting your property.